Why do I keep waking up at night

Home remedies for anxiety and depression often involve relaxation techniques. These include:

Waking Up in the Middle of the Night

Most people wake up once or twice during the night. Reasons this might happen include drinking caffeine or alcohol late in the day, a poor sleep environment, a sleep disorder, or another health condition.

When you can’t get back to sleep quickly, you won’t get enough quality sleep to keep you refreshed and healthy. It’s important to figure out what’s waking you up so you can treat the problem and get some rest.

In general, adults need about 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night for best health and well-being. That’s divided into periods of light, deep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, when you dream. You cycle through these stages several times each night. Most of your deep sleep happens early in the night. Toward morning, you’re mainly in REM and lighter sleep, when it’s easier for something to wake you up.

Physical Causes

Many health conditions have symptoms that can seem worse at night, such as:

• Pain, especially from arthritis, heart failure, sickle cell anemia, or cancer. Tell your doctor if you hurt too much to stay asleep. They might need to change your medication.
• Breathing trouble from asthma, bronchitis, or another lung disease.
• Digestive problems, especially pain and cough from acid reflux or symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome.
• Hormones. Women often wake up at night when levels change around their periods or during menopause. Hot flashes and night sweats also disrupt sleep.
• Brain and nerve diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.
• Peeing a lot, possibly because you drank a lot of fluids during the day or because of a health condition like diabetes, heart disease, or bladder inflammation.

Medications to treat these conditions can also affect your sleep, including beta-blockers, antidepressants, ADHD drugs, decongestants, and breathing treatments that have steroids.

If health issues often interrupt your sleep, let your doctor know. It may mean you need to start treatment or change what you’ve been doing to get your symptoms under control.

Psychological Causes

Stress is one of the main reasons people wake up in the night. It makes your sleep lighter and keeps you from getting deep and REM sleep.

Other mental health problems can also cause sleep problems, including:

• Anxiety disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• Bipolar disorder
• Depression
• Schizophrenia

If a mental health condition is keeping you awake, get help from your doctor or a mental health professional.

Your Sleep Habits

Some of the things you do every day can keep you from sleeping well at night.

• Your sleep schedule. Changing when you go to bed and wake up makes it hard to keep your internal clock set.
• Electronics. The light from your phone and computer can wake up your brain.
• Alcohol. A drink before bed may make you fall asleep quickly, but you’ll wake up in the night as it wears off. And it doesn’t let you get to the deep or REM sleep stages.
• Caffeine. It’s a stimulant that can take 8 hours to wear off.
• Smoking. Nicotine is another stimulant that can make you sleep less soundly. Many smokers wake up too early as their bodies start to crave a cigarette.

Your Sleep Environment

Things around you like light, pets, or the temperature can make it hard to stay asleep as you move between sleep stages. Experts suggest that you:

• Put dark shades on windows or wear an eye mask to block light.
• Use earplugs, a fan, or a white noise machine to cover sounds.
• Keep the temperature on the cool side, between 60 and 70 degrees.

Sleep Rhythm Disturbances

Your body has a natural cycle of sleepiness and alertness. Your hormones and daylight control it. When that gets thrown off, you have trouble sleeping. Causes include:

• Age. Your body’s sleep rhythms change as you get older. You get tired earlier in the evening and wake up earlier in the morning. You also spend more time in lighter stages and less time in deep and REM stages.
• Jet lag
• Working nights or rotating shifts

There’s not much you can do about some of these issues. Focus on the things you can control, like your daytime and nighttime habits and any health conditions that need treatment.

Sleep Disorders

Other types of sleep problems can affect your ability to stay asleep, such as:

• Sleep apnea. If you snore loudly and often, you may have obstructive sleep apnea. Tissues in your mouth and throat close off your airway, which stops your breathing many times a night. Your brain wakes you enough that you can breathe again, and you may wake up completely. One of the most effective treatments is to sleep with a breathing machine that keeps your airway open.
• Restless legs syndrome. This causes a tingling or prickling feeling that makes you want to stretch or move your legs. It can be worse at night.
• Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD). Many people with restless legs also have this condition. Your arms and legs jerk and wake you up.
• Night terrors. These are episodes of screaming, thrashing, or acting scared while you sleep. They’re most common in children, but adults can have them, too.

Tips to Help You Sleep Through the Night

Try some of these sleep hygiene practices to help you get more rest:

• Don’t use tobacco. Stay away from caffeine and alcohol later in the day.
• Go outdoors for at least 15 minutes each day to set your internal clock.
• Get regular exercise. Work out at least 5 hours before bed.
• Stick to a sleep schedule. Try to go to sleep and wake up at the same time every day.
• Don’t nap, especially later in the day.
• Follow a relaxing bedtime routine. Take a warm bath, listen to soft music, or read a book.
• Shut off electronic screens. Don’t use devices that have screens in the hour before bed.
• Don’t use your bed for anything other than sleeping or sex.
• Keep the room quiet, dark, and cool.
• Don’t just lie there. If you wake up and can’t get back to sleep after 15 or 20 minutes, get out of bed and do something calming until you feel drowsy again. Resist the urge to grab your phone while you try to get back to sleep.

Show Sources

National Sleep Foundation: “Surprising Reasons You’re Not Staying Asleep,” “How to Wake Up Less Frequently at Night,” “Interrupted Sleep: What Happens to Your Body,” “Nocturia or Frequent Urination at Night,” “Design a Sleep-Friendly Bedroom,” “How to Manage Noise Pollution.”

Harvard Women’s Health Watch: “Too early to get up, too late to get back to sleep.”

American Academy of Sleep Medicine: “Sleep and Growing Older,” “Insomnia – Symptoms & Causes.”

National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute: “Your Guide to Healthy Sleep.”

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke: “Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep.”

Harvard Men’s Health Watch: “Insomnia: Restoring restful sleep.”

Medscape: “Management of Chronic Sleep-Maintenance Insomnia.”

Mayo Clinic: “Insomnia: How do I stay asleep?” “Sleep terrors (night terrors).”

American Urological Association: “What is Nocturia?”

Nemours/KidsHealth: “Night Terrors.”

Office on Women’s Health: “Insomnia.”

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: “Insomnia.”

Why do I keep waking up at night?

Many factors can cause a person to wake up often at night. Needing to urinate is a common reason, but sleep apnea, overheating, and dietary habits are just a few of the others.

However, regularly waking up in the middle of the night can become problematic, as it interrupts sleep.

Sleep is a necessary function that helps restore the body. Not getting enough sleep can give rise to significant health problems and impair cognitive function.

The following are some common causes and potential remedies for a person waking in the middle of the night.

Share on Pinterest A person with sleep apnea may frequently wake during the night.

Sleep apnea is a common cause of waking in the middle of the night. It causes shallow breathing, which may cause a person to wake up several times per night. In many cases, a person will not even realize that their sleep is interrupted.

A person with sleep apnea may notice symptoms such as:

• headaches in the morning
• gasping for air at night
• daytime tiredness
• snoring
• difficulty concentrating during the day

Treatment and remedies

If sleep apnea is the cause or likely cause of frequently waking up in the middle of the night, a healthcare provider will probably refer the person to a sleep center. They may also recommend a treatment plan to address the sleep apnea.

Treatment options may include undergoing surgery, using airway pressure devices, or trying oral appliances that help open the airways.

Anxiety and depression can cause insomnia. The opposite is also true; insomnia can cause either of these conditions.

Both anxiety and depression make it difficult for a person to quiet their mind or shut down their thinking processes. This can make it hard to fall asleep and stay asleep.

Treatment and remedies

A person should speak to their healthcare provider if they feel anxious or depressed. There are several therapeutic options they can try, including:

• speaking to a therapist
• taking medication to treat anxiety or depression
• practicing relaxation techniques

Home remedies for anxiety and depression often involve relaxation techniques. These include:

• playing calming music
• exercising regularly
• reducing the number of tasks to do
• meditating
• creating a calming environment in the bedroom

Insomnia is a condition wherein a person finds it difficult or impossible to fall or stay asleep. It causes daytime tiredness and therefore makes getting through the day very difficult.

Insomnia is linked with depression and anxiety, and it can be both the cause and symptom of these conditions.

Treatment and remedies

There are many potential remedies a person can try to reduce the severity of their insomnia. Some techniques include:

• not eating heavy or spicy meals before bed
• meditating
• regularly exercising during the day
• not napping
• sticking to a regular sleep schedule
• doing a repetitive activity outside of the bedroom

Share on Pinterest Taking medications and drinking before bed can cause a need to urinate at night.

The urge to urinate can wake a person in the night. Though some people may be able to prevent this feeling by reducing liquid intake at night, others have this issue due to an underlying condition.

Some factors that can cause nighttime urination include:

• pregnancy
• enlarged prostate
• diabetes
• bladder prolapse
• overactive bladder
• some medications

Treatment and remedies

Treatment depends on what causes the need to urinate at night. Some potential solutions to these problems include:

• limiting fluid intake before bed
• taking medications earlier in the day or switching them with others if possible
• avoiding spicy foods

If pregnancy is behind the need to urinate during the night, this symptom should subside at the end of the pregnancy.

A person who experiences night terrors may not actually wake up. Instead, they may scream, thrash around, cry, or appear fearful. Sometimes, the person does not remember what occurs to cause the terror.

Though children are most likely to experience night terrors, they do affect adults as well.

Treatment and remedies

Children typically outgrow night terrors as they age. However, caregivers should contact a pediatrician if:

• the child is tired during the day
• the child is in danger when the terrors occur
• the frequency of the episodes increases
• terrors either wake the child or others in the house
• the episodes persist into adulthood

A person sleeps best when their body temperature is cool.

At times, a person’s body temperature may rise too much. For many people, this is because their bedroom is too warm. For others, it may be due to night sweats.

Treatment and remedies

People who sleep in a warm environment should take steps to cool the room down. For example, they may use air conditioning or a fan or remove a blanket from the bed.

Night sweats can occur due to medications a person is taking, autoimmune disorders, infection, or anxiety. If night sweats occur, a person should speak to their doctor about ways to treat the underlying condition.

Research suggests a link between the use of interactive devices and certain sleep problems.

For example, the results of a 2013 survey suggest that the more people used technology before bedtime, the higher their chance of not being able to fall asleep.

Passive devices, such as television, did not appear to have an impact, but gaming consoles, cell phones, and laptops did.

Around 1 in 10 respondents said that their phones woke them up at least a few nights every week.

Treatment and remedies

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend keeping electronic devices, including televisions, outside the bedroom when sleeping.