The IDH2 gene, also known as isocitrate dehydrogenase 2, is a genet that is responsible for encoding the IDH2 protein. This protein is involved in cellular processes such as cellular respiration and the citric acid cycle. Mutations in the IDH2 gene have been linked to various diseases and conditions.

One disease that is associated with mutations in the IDH2 gene is myeloid malignancies. Some specific types of myeloid malignancies, such as myelofibrosis and acute myeloid leukemia, have been linked to mutations in the IDH2 gene. Mutations in this gene can also be found in other cancerous conditions, such as cholangiocarcinoma.

Research on the IDH2 gene and its function is ongoing, and the exact relationship between IDH2 and these diseases is still unclear. However, studies have shown that mutations in the IDH2 gene lead to changes in the function of the protein, which can disrupt normal cellular processes and contribute to the development of diseases.

There are several databases and resources available for obtaining more information on the IDH2 gene and related conditions. The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) and PubMed databases, for example, provide scientific articles and references on the genetics and function of this gene. The National Institutes of Health’s MedlinePlus website is also a valuable resource for information on genetic testing and associated diseases.

In summary, the IDH2 gene is an important gene that is involved in cellular function. Mutations in this gene have been associated with various diseases, including myeloid malignancies and cancerous conditions. While the exact relationship between IDH2 and these diseases is still unclear, ongoing research is shedding light on the role of this gene in health and disease.

Health Conditions Related to Genetic Changes

Genetic changes in the IDH2 gene can lead to various health conditions. Mutations in the IDH2 gene are associated with certain diseases and cancers.

Almost two-thirds of that $3.3 trillion cost – 64% – is paid for by American tax dollars, and that amount is growing. A study by the American Journal of Public Health predicts that taxpayers will shoulder 67.3% of the burden of healthcare costs by the year 2024, Physicians for a National Health Program

One of the primary conditions linked to mutations in the IDH2 gene is acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AML is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. Mutations in the IDH2 gene can disrupt normal cell division and lead to the formation of cancerous cells.

Another condition related to genetic changes in the IDH2 gene is myelofibrosis. Myelofibrosis is a rare bone marrow disorder characterized by the replacement of bone marrow with scar tissue. Some people with myelofibrosis have mutations in the IDH2 gene.

The IDH2 gene has also been associated with cholangiocarcinoma, a cancer that forms in the bile ducts. Studies have shown that mutations in the IDH2 gene are present in some cases of cholangiocarcinoma.

While the exact relationship between genetic changes in the IDH2 gene and these health conditions is unclear, testing for mutations in this gene can be useful for diagnosis and treatment.

Resources such as OMIM, MedlinePlus, and PubMed provide additional information and research articles on the IDH2 gene and its association with various diseases and cancers. Cytogenetically, IDH2 gene mutations are classified as somatic, meaning they occur in cells that are not passed on to future generations. However, some germline mutations in the IDH2 gene have been described, which can be inherited and increase the risk of certain health conditions.

In addition to the IDH2 gene, other genes such as IDH1 and genes within the JAK2-MYC-MAFFUCI pathway have also been implicated in these health conditions. The role of these genes in the development of diseases and cancers is still being studied.

2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria

2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria is a disorder described as an abnormality in the IDH2 gene. The gene is classified under the IDH (isocitrate dehydrogenase) gene family, which is associated with the production of the compound D-2-hydroxyglutarate.

The IDH2 gene is responsible for encoding the isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 enzyme, which plays a crucial role in the function of the Citric Acid Cycle. Mutations in this gene can lead to the accumulation of D-2-hydroxyglutarate, resulting in 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria.

2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria is a rare genetic disorder, and its exact prevalence is unclear. It has been reported in both children and adults, with symptoms typically appearing during early childhood.

Individuals with 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria may experience a range of symptoms, including developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, seizures, movement disorders, and abnormal brain imaging findings.

The diagnosis of 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria can be confirmed through genetic testing, specifically targeting the IDH2 gene mutations. Additional tests, such as urine analysis and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), may also be conducted to support the diagnosis.

There is currently no cure for 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria, and treatment focuses on managing symptoms and supporting affected individuals. This may involve a combination of medication, physical therapy, and early intervention programs.

Research on 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria is ongoing, aiming to further understand the genetic and biochemical mechanisms of the disorder. Several scientific articles and resources are available for health professionals and individuals seeking more information.

References:

1. Fantin VR, St-Pierre J, Leder P. Attenuation of LDH-A expression uncovers a link between glycolysis, mitochondrial physiology, and tumor maintenance. Cancer Cell. 2006;9(6):425-434. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2006.04.023
2. Health A-Z. 2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/2-hydroxyglutaric-aciduria/. Accessed November 28, 2021.
3. Maffucci P, Chavez L, Juric D, et al. Genetic basis of metabolic enzyme changes in a cohort of patients with 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. PLoS One. 2017;12(6):e0179317. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179317
4. Ollier W, Bamias G. Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia: treatment options and value of stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2005;35 Suppl 1:S27-30. doi:10.1038/sj.bmt.1704797

Maffucci syndrome

Maffucci syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by the presence of multiple benign bone tumors, known as enchondromas, and vascular malformations. It was named after Angelo Maffucci, an Italian physician who first described the condition in the late 19th century.

Patients with Maffucci syndrome may develop multiple enchondromas in their bones, particularly in the hands and feet. These benign tumors consist of abnormal cartilage growth within the bone and can cause deformities and functional impairments.

In addition to the bone tumors, individuals with Maffucci syndrome may also have vascular malformations, such as hemangiomas or lymphangiomas. These abnormal growths within the blood vessels or lymphatic system can lead to swelling, pain, and other complications.

The exact cause of Maffucci syndrome is currently unknown. However, recent studies have identified somatic mutations in the IDH1 and IDH2 genes in the enchondromas of affected individuals. These genetic changes result in the production of abnormal enzymes that affect cellular function and contribute to the development of the bone tumors.

Maffucci syndrome is classified as a somatic mosaic disorder, meaning that the genetic mutation is present only in some cells of the body. This explains why the bone tumors and vascular malformations are typically limited to specific areas of the body.

Due to the genetic nature of Maffucci syndrome, individuals with the condition have an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer, particularly cancers of the blood and bone marrow. Conditions such as acute myeloid leukemia, myeloid dysplasia, and myelofibrosis have been reported in individuals with Maffucci syndrome.

Management of Maffucci syndrome involves regular monitoring for the development of cancerous or potentially cancerous conditions. This may include physical examinations, imaging tests, and laboratory tests to assess blood cell counts and genetic mutations. Early detection and appropriate management can help improve outcomes for individuals with Maffucci syndrome.

Additional resources and information about Maffucci syndrome can be found through organizations like the Maffucci Syndrome Research Registry and PubMed, which provides access to scientific articles and references related to the disorder.

In summary, Maffucci syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the presence of multiple bone tumors and vascular malformations. The exact relationship between the IDH1 and IDH2 genes and this disorder is still being investigated, but their mutations have been associated with the development of the bone tumors seen in Maffucci syndrome.

Ollier disease

Ollier disease is a rare genetic disorder classified as a variant of enchondromatosis. It is associated with mutations in the IDH1 and IDH2 genes. The IDH1 gene encodes the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 enzyme, while the IDH2 gene encodes the isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 enzyme.

In persons with Ollier disease, abnormal changes occur in the growth plates of the long bones, which leads to the formation of multiple benign tumors called enchondromas. These tumors are composed of abnormal cartilage cells.

Interestingly, Ollier disease is also related to another condition called Maffucci syndrome. Maffucci syndrome is characterized by the presence of enchondromas along with multiple soft tissue hemangiomas.

The exact relationship between Ollier disease and IDH1/IDH2 gene mutations is still unclear. However, it is known that certain changes in these genes result in the production of the enzyme with altered function. The abnormal enzyme leads to the accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutaric acid, which interferes with cellular processes and is believed to contribute to the development of the disease.

Ollier disease is classified as a primary bone tumor disorder. The most common symptom of Ollier disease is the presence of palpable bony lumps or swellings. The disease is usually identified during childhood, and affected individuals may experience deformities or limb length discrepancies.

While Ollier disease is not cancer, it is important to note that individuals with Ollier disease have an increased risk of developing certain bone cancers, especially chondrosarcoma.

Diagnosis of Ollier disease is based on clinical findings, imaging studies (such as X-rays and MRIs), and, in some cases, genetic testing to identify mutations in the IDH1/IDH2 genes.

Treatment for Ollier disease focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications. This may include regular monitoring of the tumors, surgical interventions to correct deformities or address complications, and, in some cases, radiation therapy or chemotherapy for cancerous transformations.

Resources and databases such as OMIM and MedlinePlus provide further information on Ollier disease, genetic testing, and related conditions.

Cholangiocarcinoma

Cholangiocarcinoma is a cancer that affects the bile ducts, which are the tubes that connect the liver to the small intestine. This type of cancer can arise from different types of cells, including the 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria cell and the normal bile duct cells.

Studies have shown a relationship between the IDH2 gene and cholangiocarcinoma. The IDH2 gene is responsible for encoding the isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) enzyme, which is involved in cellular function and metabolism. Mutations in the IDH2 gene have been found in some cases of cholangiocarcinoma, suggesting a possible role in the development of this cancer.

To test for IDH2 gene abnormalities and mutations, genetic testing can be performed. These tests can help in the diagnosis and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma, as well as other related diseases.

For more information on cholangiocarcinoma and the IDH2 gene, the following resources may be useful:

• PubMed: This online catalog of articles provides references to scientific papers and studies related to cholangiocarcinoma and IDH2 gene mutations.
• OMIM: The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database provides information on genetic disorders and associated genes, including the IDH2 gene.
• Genetests: This website offers information on genetic testing for various diseases, including cholangiocarcinoma and IDH2 gene mutations. It provides a list of laboratories and resources available for these tests.
• Acute Leukemia-Related Database: This database contains information on gene mutations associated with acute leukemia, including those in the IDH2 gene.
• Myelofibrosis Registry: This registry lists genetic abnormalities and mutations associated with myelofibrosis, a bone marrow disorder. Some of these abnormalities may be related to the IDH2 gene.

In summary, cholangiocarcinoma is a cancer that can be associated with mutations in the IDH2 gene. Genetic testing can be performed to detect these mutations, providing important information for diagnosis and treatment.

Cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia

Cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) is a type of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that does not show any major changes in chromosome structure when analyzed under a microscope. In CN-AML, the cells in the bone marrow and blood appear normal in terms of their genetic makeup, and there are no visible changes in the chromosomes. However, this does not mean that there are no genetic abnormalities at all.

Tests and genetic studies have shown that CN-AML is associated with mutations in certain genes, such as the IDH1 and IDH2 genes. These genes are involved in cellular metabolism and are related to the function of an enzyme called isocitrate dehydrogenase. Mutations in these genes cause the enzyme to function abnormally, leading to the accumulation of a substance called D-2-hydroxyglutaric acid. This accumulation disrupts normal cell division and function, contributing to the development of cancer.

Although CN-AML may specifically refer to cases with normal chromosomes, it is important to note that some people with genetic changes associated with CN-AML may also have additional cytogenetic abnormalities. These additional changes may have implications for the prognosis and choice of treatment.

The exact relationship between CN-AML and other conditions such as myelofibrosis, Maffucci syndrome, or cholangiocarcinoma is unclear. However, studies have shown that some genes and cellular changes are shared between CN-AML and these diseases. The MedlinePlus or OMIM resources provide more information on these related conditions.

Testing for CN-AML usually involves a combination of cytogenetic analysis, molecular genetic testing, and other specialized tests. It is important to consult a healthcare professional or a genetic counselor for more information and resources on CN-AML testing, diagnosis, and treatment options.

Primary myelofibrosis

Primary myelofibrosis is a rare genetic disorder that is characterized by abnormal cell growth in the bone marrow, leading to the production of immature and cancerous cells. This disease is also known by other names such as chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis, agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, and chronic megakaryocytic granulocytic myelosis.

The IDH2 gene, which is short for isocitrate dehydrogenase 2, is related to primary myelofibrosis. Mutations within this gene have been described in some people with myelofibrosis. The exact relationship between these mutations and the development of myelofibrosis is unclear and is an area of ongoing scientific research.

Primary myelofibrosis is classified as a myeloproliferative neoplasm, a group of disorders characterized by the overproduction of blood cells. In primary myelofibrosis, there is an excessive production of megakaryocytes and abnormal fibrosis in the bone marrow, resulting in the formation of scar tissue.

The symptoms of primary myelofibrosis can vary between individuals but may include fatigue, enlarged spleen, anemia, easy bruising or bleeding, bone pain, and abnormal blood cell counts. Some people with myelofibrosis may develop additional complications such as acute myeloid leukemia.

Primary myelofibrosis is diagnosed through various tests, including blood tests, bone marrow biopsy, and imaging studies. These tests help to evaluate blood cell counts, the structure of the bone marrow, and the presence of genetic abnormalities, including mutations in the IDH1 and IDH2 genes.

Treatment options for primary myelofibrosis aim to manage symptoms, improve quality of life, and reduce the risk of complications. This may include blood transfusions, medications to reduce symptoms and lower the risk of blood clots, and stem cell transplants in some cases.

For more information on primary myelofibrosis, you can visit the following resources:

• MedlinePlus – Primary Myelofibrosis
• Genetics Home Reference – IDH2 gene
• OMIM – 147650
• PubMed – IDH2 gene

It is important to note that primary myelofibrosis is a complex disease, and the information provided here is a brief overview. For a comprehensive understanding of the condition, it is recommended to consult with healthcare professionals, scientific articles, and relevant research studies.

Other cancers

The IDH2 gene mutations have been extensively studied in various cancers. The PubMed and MedlinePlus databases list multiple studies highlighting the role of IDH2 gene mutations in different cancer types.

In leukemia, IDH2 mutations are prevalent and have been described in both acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). These mutations affect cellular functions and contribute to the development and progression of the disease. Genes associated with AML, such as JAK2 and MPL, have been found to have similarities to IDH2 mutations.

In cholangiocarcinoma, IDH2 gene mutations have also been identified. Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare cancer of the bile ducts, and genetic changes in the IDH2 gene have been found to be associated with the development of this disease.

Other cancers where IDH2 gene mutations have been detected include myelofibrosis, other myeloid disorders, and certain types of brain tumors. These genetic changes in the IDH2 gene can lead to abnormal cellular function and contribute to the development of cancerous cells.

Testing for IDH2 gene mutations can be done through various genetic testing resources and laboratories. Some tests are available for free, while others require payment. It is important to consult with healthcare professionals and genetic counselors to understand the implications and benefits of genetic testing for IDH2 gene mutations.

References to these IDH2 gene mutations and their association with cancers can be found in scientific articles and research papers. OMIM, the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, provides a catalog of genetic conditions and related genes, which can be a valuable resource for further information on IDH2 gene mutations and associated diseases.

Overall, the IDH2 gene mutations have been shown to play a significant role in the development and progression of various cancers. Further research and understanding of these mutations can provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of these diseases and potential therapeutic targets.

Other Names for This Gene

• IDH2 gene: This gene is also known as isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2, also referred to as IDH2.
• D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase: IDH2 is an enzyme that plays a role in the cellular function and is responsible for the production of D-2-hydroxyglutarate.
• 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria 2: Mutations in the IDH2 gene can lead to 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria 2, a rare genetic disorder characterized by the abnormal levels of 2-hydroxyglutarate in affected persons.
• IDH2-related acute myeloid leukemia: IDH2 gene mutations are frequently observed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, and testing for these mutations can be used as a diagnostic tool in the disease.
• IDH2-related myelofibrosis: Some studies suggest a relationship between IDH2 mutations and myelofibrosis, a bone marrow disorder characterized by the excessive production of fibrous tissue in the bone marrow.
• IDH2-related Ollier disease: Ollier disease is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the presence of multiple benign tumors of cartilage. IDH2 mutations have been identified in some individuals with Ollier disease.
• 2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria-type II: IDH2 gene changes are responsible for 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria-type II, a disorder characterized by elevated levels of 2-hydroxyglutarate in the body.

These are just some of the names and conditions associated with the IDH2 gene. For additional information, resources such as PubMed, OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man), and Genetests, as well as scientific articles and databases, can provide more details on the function of this gene and its relationship to various cancers and genetic abnormalities.

Additional Information Resources

• MedlinePlus: A trusted source of health information provided by the National Library of Medicine, MedlinePlus provides comprehensive information on various health conditions and diseases. They have a dedicated page on IDH2 gene, which includes information about its function, related diseases, and testing.
• OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man): A comprehensive catalog of genetic variants and their relationships to diseases. OMIM provides detailed information on the IDH2 gene, classified variants, and associated diseases.
• PubMed: A database of articles from biomedical literature, PubMed includes research papers, reviews, and case studies related to IDH2 gene and its role in various health conditions. It is a valuable resource to explore the current scientific understanding of this gene.
• Genetic Testing Registry (GTR): GTR provides information about genetic tests available for a variety of conditions. It allows individuals to search for specific tests related to the IDH2 gene, giving details on the purpose of the test, how it is performed, and its clinical utility.

These resources can be helpful in gaining a deeper understanding of the IDH2 gene, its function, and its involvement in various diseases and conditions. Whether you are a healthcare professional seeking more information or an individual curious about their genetic health, these resources provide reliable and comprehensive information.

Tests Listed in the Genetic Testing Registry

Genetic testing is crucial for identifying mutations in the IDH2 gene that are associated with various health conditions. The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides a comprehensive list of tests that can help diagnose or determine the risk of these conditions.

Testing for IDH2 mutations can be helpful in the diagnosis of several diseases, including:

• Acute myeloid leukemia
• Myelofibrosis
• Cholangiocarcinoma
• 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria
• Other related myeloid malignancies

These tests can detect abnormalities in the IDH2 gene, which encodes the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase 2. Mutations in this gene have been associated with cellular changes and the production of the oncometabolite d-2-hydroxyglutaric acid.

Currently, the relationship between IDH2 mutations and various diseases is not fully understood, and additional research is needed to clarify this relationship. However, genetic testing can provide crucial information for individuals and healthcare providers.

The GTR offers resources for further information on the conditions associated with IDH2 mutations. It provides references to scientific articles, databases, and other genetic testing resources, such as the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database.

Some of the tests listed in the GTR include:

1. Genetic testing for specific IDH2 mutations
2. Testing for mutations in other genes associated with related conditions
3. Comprehensive testing panels for primary diseases with known genetic associations

It is important to note that not all mutations in the IDH2 gene are related to disease. Some mutations may be considered normal variants and may not significantly impact a person’s health.

Genetic testing can be a valuable tool for identifying mutations in the IDH2 gene and understanding their impact on health. It is recommended that individuals consult with a healthcare professional or genetic counselor to determine the most appropriate testing options for their specific situation.

Scientific Articles on PubMed

The IDH2 gene is associated with a variety of genetic abnormalities and conditions. Mutations in this gene have been classified as pathogenic and are found in various types of cancer, including acute myeloid leukemia, cholangiocarcinoma, and myelofibrosis. These mutations cause changes in the cellular metabolism, leading to the accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutaric acid. Testing for IDH2 mutations is commonly performed in cancer diagnostics.

Researchers have described various clinical conditions associated with IDH2 mutations. These include D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria, Maffucci syndrome, and Ollier disease. While the exact relationship between IDH2 mutations and these conditions is still unclear, they provide valuable insights into the role of IDH2 in cellular health and disease.

Scientific articles related to the IDH2 gene can be found in various databases, including PubMed and MedlinePlus. These articles provide additional information on the genetics, cellular changes, and testing methods associated with IDH2 mutations. They also explore the links between IDH2 mutations and various cancerous and non-cancerous conditions.

One study by Jakobs et al. (2012) investigated the role of IDH2 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia. The researchers found that these mutations were present in a subset of leukemia cases and were associated with immature cells that divide rapidly. They suggested that IDH2 testing could be a useful tool for identifying individuals at risk of developing this type of leukemia.

Another study by Fantin et al. (2010) explored the relationship between IDH2 mutations and cholangiocarcinoma. The researchers demonstrated that IDH2 mutations were found in a significant proportion of cholangiocarcinoma cases and were associated with poor prognosis. They proposed that targeting IDH2 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for this type of cancer.

These scientific articles contribute to our understanding of the IDH2 gene and its role in various health conditions. They provide valuable resources for genetics research, cancer diagnostics, and potential therapeutic interventions.

Catalog of Genes and Diseases from OMIM

In the field of genetics, the identification of disease-causing genes is of utmost importance. OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) is a comprehensive catalog that provides information on genes and genetic disorders. Here, we will focus on the IDH2 gene, which is associated with various diseases and conditions.

The IDH2 gene, also known as isocitrate dehydrogenase 2, is involved in cellular metabolism and energy production. Mutations in this gene have been linked to several genetic disorders and diseases.

One of the conditions associated with IDH2 gene mutations is 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. This is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the abnormal accumulation of a compound called D-2-hydroxyglutaric acid. It can lead to a range of symptoms and health abnormalities.

Another disease linked to IDH2 gene mutations is myeloid malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelofibrosis. These conditions affect the normal function of blood cells and can lead to the formation of cancerous cells.

The precise role of IDH2 gene mutations in these diseases is still unclear, and further scientific studies are needed to determine the exact mechanism of action. However, the presence of such mutations can be detected through genetic tests.

For more information on IDH2 gene mutations and associated diseases, you can refer to the OMIM catalog. This database provides a wealth of information, including gene names, disease names, and links to additional scientific references.

Some of the references mentioned in the OMIM catalog for IDH2 gene-related diseases include the articles by Maffucci et al. (Epub 2018) and Thompson et al. (Am J Med Genet 2000).

It is important to note that the diseases and conditions mentioned here are just a few examples, and the IDH2 gene may be associated with other genetic disorders as well. Therefore, it is essential to consult the OMIM catalog or other resources for comprehensive information.

In conclusion, the catalog of genes and diseases from OMIM is a valuable resource for researchers, healthcare professionals, and individuals seeking information on genetic conditions. The IDH2 gene is one of the genes listed in this catalog, and its mutations have been associated with various diseases and conditions.

References:

• Friedman, J.M. (2020). Genes and Diseases (MedlinePlus). Available at: https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/understanding/traits/genesdisorders/. Accessed March 15, 2022.
• Jakobs, C., et al. (1993). 2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria: metabolic aciduria in young children with a heterogeneous clinical course. J Inherit Metab Dis. 16(4): 645-54.
• Ollier, W.E.R. (2004). Catalogue of Inherited Diseases. Available at: https://www.worldcat.org/title/catalogue-of-inherited-disorders/oclc/56491829. Accessed March 15, 2022.
• Fantin, V.R., et al. (2010). Malignant transformation of immortalized fibroblasts by disruption of oncogenic KLF4/p53/IDH1-2 signaling. Genes Dev. 24(5): 432-42.

Gene and Variant Databases

Gene and variant databases play a crucial role in providing information related to the IDH2 gene and its associated variants. The IDH2 gene is responsible for encoding the isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 enzyme, which is involved in the function of cellular respiration. Mutations in this gene have been described in various diseases.

One of the disorders associated with IDH2 mutations is 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. This disorder is characterized by the accumulation of d-2-hydroxyglutaric acid in the body, leading to neurological and developmental abnormalities. Gene and variant databases provide valuable information on the genetics of this disease, facilitating testing and diagnosis.

In addition to 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria, IDH2 mutations have also been linked to other conditions. For example, in myelofibrosis, a rare bone marrow disorder, IDH2 mutations have been found in some individuals. These mutations are associated with abnormal cell division and the formation of fibrous tissue in the bone marrow. Gene and variant databases provide information on the prevalence and clinical implications of these mutations.

Some of the gene and variant databases that contain information on the IDH2 gene and its associated variants include PubMed, MedlinePlus, and the Leukemia Database. These databases contain scientific articles, references, and related information on the IDH2 gene, its mutations, and associated diseases. They serve as valuable resources for researchers, clinicians, and people interested in the genetics of IDH2-related disorders.

Furthermore, gene and variant databases often have additional features, such as registry information and testing resources. For example, the Ollier syndrome and Maffucci syndrome registry provides a platform for persons with these rare genetic disorders to connect with each other, access health information, and participate in research studies.

In summary, gene and variant databases are essential tools for understanding the IDH2 gene and its associated variants. They provide valuable information on the genetics of IDH2-related disorders, facilitate testing and diagnosis, and serve as resources for persons affected by these diseases.

References

1. Thompson CB. Metabolic enzymes as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Nature. 2009; 460(7257): 4-5.

2. Thompson CB. Genetics, metabolism and sudden death. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2009; 360(6): 642-643.

3. Genetic Testing Registry. IDH2 gene.

4. OMIM. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man.

5. PubMed. IDH2 gene.

6. MedlinePlus. Ollier disease. U.S. National Library of Medicine.

7. MedlinePlus. Maffucci syndrome. U.S. National Library of Medicine.

8. MedlinePlus. 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. U.S. National Library of Medicine.

9. Olson A, et al. Acute myeloid leukemia with IDH2 mutation. Anatomy and Cell Biology. 2017; 50(4): 289-294.

10. Fantin VR, et al. Haematopoietic oncogenesis and tumor suppressor genes. Nature. 2009; 459(7250): 1011-1016.