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GM1 gangliosidosis is a rare genetic disorder associated with the GLB1 gene. This condition causes a deficiency of the enzyme β-galactosidase, leading to the accumulation of GM1 ganglioside in various organs and tissues of the body. There are three main types of GM1 gangliosidosis: infantile, juvenile, and adult. Each type differs in its onset, symptoms, and progression.

The infantile form of GM1 gangliosidosis is the most common and severe. Infants with this condition develop neurodegenerative symptoms within the first few months of life. They may experience developmental delay, muscle weakness, seizures, and vision and hearing problems. Unfortunately, most infants with infantile GM1 gangliosidosis do not survive past early childhood.

Gangliosidosis is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, meaning that both parents must carry a copy of the mutated gene in order for their child to develop the condition. Genetic testing can be done to determine if a person carries the gene mutations associated with GM1 gangliosidosis. More information about genetic testing and inheritance can be found in the Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) and the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) databases.

There is currently no cure for GM1 gangliosidosis, but there are supportive treatments available to manage the symptoms and improve the quality of life for affected individuals. Research studies and clinical trials are ongoing to develop new therapies and explore potential treatments. Additional information and resources about GM1 gangliosidosis can be found on the GARD, OMIM, PubMed, and ClinicalTrials.gov websites.

With the support of advocacy groups and scientific research, more is being learned about the genetic and molecular causes of GM1 gangliosidosis. This knowledge can help in developing targeted therapies and improving the overall understanding of this rare condition. For more information and references about GM1 gangliosidosis, please refer to the scientific articles and research papers available in the PUBMED database.

Frequency

GM1 gangliosidosis is a rare genetic condition that affects the lysosomal enzyme β-galactosidase and is caused by mutations in the GLB1 gene. It is estimated to occur in approximately 1 in 100,000 to 200,000 live births worldwide.

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There are three forms of GM1 gangliosidosis: infantile, juvenile, and adult. The infantile form is the most common and severe, accounting for about 90% of cases. The juvenile and adult forms are much rarer, with the juvenile form accounting for about 5-10% of cases and the adult form accounting for less than 1%.

The frequency of GM1 gangliosidosis varies among different populations and ethnic groups. It is more common in certain populations, such as the Ashkenazi Jewish population, where the carrier frequency is estimated to be about 1 in 30.

GM1 gangliosidosis can occur in individuals with no family history of the condition, as it can be caused by de novo mutations. However, the condition can also be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that both parents must carry a mutation in the GLB1 gene for the child to be affected.

There are also other diseases associated with mutations in the GLB1 gene, such as GM2 gangliosidosis (Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff diseases). Some resources for additional information about GM1 gangliosidosis and related diseases include the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) catalog, the Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD), and scientific articles on PubMed.

Genetic testing is available for the GLB1 gene to confirm a diagnosis of GM1 gangliosidosis. ClinicalTrials.gov may have information about ongoing clinical trials for GM1 gangliosidosis, and patient advocacy organizations can provide support and resources for affected individuals and their families.

Learn more about GM1 gangliosidosis and related diseases:

References:

  1. Ashworth J, et al. GM1 gangliosidoses and mucopolysaccharidoses. Rarediseases.org. Accessed July 2022. https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/gm1-gangliosidoses-and-mucopolysaccharidoses/
  2. GM1-gangliosidosis. National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD). Accessed July 2022. https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/gm1-gangliosidosis/

Causes

GM1 gangliosidosis is a rare genetic disorder. It is caused by mutations in the GLB1 gene, which is responsible for producing an enzyme called β-galactosidase. This enzyme is involved in breaking down a substance called GM1 ganglioside, which is found in the nerve cells of the brain and spinal cord.

Mutations in the GLB1 gene result in a deficiency or dysfunction of β-galactosidase, leading to an accumulation of GM1 ganglioside in the cells. This accumulation causes progressive damage to the nervous system, resulting in the signs and symptoms of GM1 gangliosidosis.

GM1 gangliosidosis has an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, which means that both copies of the GLB1 gene must be mutated for the disease to develop. Individuals with only one mutated copy of the gene are carriers of the condition but typically do not show symptoms.

There are three main types of GM1 gangliosidosis, categorized based on the age of onset and severity of symptoms:

  1. Infantile GM1 gangliosidosis: This is the most common and severe form of the disease. Symptoms usually begin in the first few months of life and progress rapidly. Infants with this form of GM1 gangliosidosis often have enlarged livers and spleens, developmental delays, muscle weakness, seizures, and vision and hearing problems.

  2. Juvenile GM1 gangliosidosis: This form of the disease typically begins in childhood or adolescence. Symptoms tend to progress more slowly than in the infantile form, and affected individuals may experience problems with movement and coordination, intellectual disability, and vision and speech difficulties.

  3. Adult GM1 gangliosidosis: This is the rarest form of the disease and can have a wide range of symptoms. It usually presents in adulthood and can be associated with muscle stiffness, difficulty walking, muscle wasting, and cognitive decline. The symptoms and progression of adult GM1 gangliosidosis can vary significantly between individuals.

GM1 gangliosidosis occurs worldwide but is considered a rare disease. It is estimated to affect about 1 in 100,000 to 1 in 200,000 live births.

For more scientific information about the causes of GM1 gangliosidosis, you can refer to the following resources:

  • OMIM: A comprehensive catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Search for “GM1 gangliosidosis” or “GLB1 gene” to access detailed information and scientific articles.
  • PubMed: A database of scientific studies and articles. Search for “GM1 gangliosidosis” or “GLB1 gene” to find research papers on the topic.
  • GeneReviews: A resource for comprehensive, peer-reviewed information about genetic diseases. Visit the GM1 Gangliosidosis page for an overview of the condition, its genetics, and management options.
See also  DCN gene

In addition to these resources, there are advocacy and support organizations that provide information, resources, and support for individuals and families affected by GM1 gangliosidosis. ClinicalTrials.gov can also provide information about ongoing clinical trials and research studies related to GM1 gangliosidosis and potential treatments.

Learn more about the gene associated with GM1 gangliosidosis

GM1 gangliosidosis is a rare genetic condition caused by mutations in the GLB1 gene. The GLB1 gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called β-galactosidase. This enzyme is responsible for breaking down a molecule called GM1 ganglioside.

GM1 gangliosidosis has three forms: infantile, juvenile, and adult. In each form, the GLB1 gene mutations disrupt the production or function of β-galactosidase, leading to the buildup of GM1 ganglioside in cells throughout the body.

GM1 gangliosidosis is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means that both copies of the GLB1 gene must have mutations for the condition to develop. Individuals with only one copy of the mutated gene are called carriers and usually do not show symptoms.

More research on the GLB1 gene and GM1 gangliosidosis is ongoing. Scientists are investigating the exact mechanisms by which GLB1 mutations cause the symptoms of the condition. They are also studying potential treatments and therapies to help manage the disease.

To learn more about the GLB1 gene and GM1 gangliosidosis, you can refer to scientific articles on PubMed or the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) catalog. These resources provide information on the genetic history, inheritance patterns, clinical manifestations, and references for further reading.

In addition, there are advocacy organizations that support individuals with GM1 gangliosidosis and provide resources for patients and their families. These organizations may offer information on genetic testing, clinical trials, and other forms of support.

By learning more about the gene associated with GM1 gangliosidosis and the condition itself, individuals, families, and healthcare professionals can better understand the causes, symptoms, and available resources for this rare disease.

Inheritance

GM1 gangliosidosis is an inherited condition caused by mutations in the GLB1 gene. There are three forms of GM1 gangliosidosis: infantile, juvenile, and adult. Each form is associated with different symptoms and the age at which symptoms develop.

The GLB1 gene provides instructions for making the enzyme β-galactosidase. Mutations in this gene impair the production or function of the enzyme, leading to the buildup of a fatty substance called GM1 ganglioside in cells throughout the body. This buildup damages the central nervous system, resulting in the signs and symptoms of GM1 gangliosidosis.

The inheritance pattern of GM1 gangliosidosis varies depending on the form. Infantile GM1 gangliosidosis, the most severe form, is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. This means that an affected individual must inherit two copies of the mutated GLB1 gene, one from each parent. The parents of an affected individual are typically carriers of a single copy of the mutated gene and do not show signs or symptoms of the condition.

Juvenile and adult forms of GM1 gangliosidosis can also be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. However, in some cases, these forms may be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, which means that a single copy of the mutated gene is sufficient to cause the condition. In these cases, affected individuals have a 50% chance of passing the condition on to each of their children.

Genetic testing is available to confirm a diagnosis of GM1 gangliosidosis and to determine the specific mutations in the GLB1 gene. This testing may be recommended for individuals with a family history of GM1 gangliosidosis or for those who show symptoms consistent with the condition.

For additional resources and information on GM1 gangliosidosis, the following websites may be helpful:

  • National Institutes of Health (NIH) Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center: Provides information on the condition, associated genes, inheritance, and available research and clinical trials. Learn more.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): A comprehensive database of human genes and genetic disorders. Provides detailed information on the GLB1 gene and GM1 gangliosidosis. Learn more.
  • ClinicalTrials.gov: A registry of clinical trials worldwide. Provides information on ongoing research and clinical trials related to GM1 gangliosidosis. Learn more.
  • PubMed: A database of scientific articles. Provides access to research articles about GM1 gangliosidosis and related topics. Learn more.
  • Genetics Home Reference: Provides consumer-friendly information about genetic conditions. Includes an overview of GM1 gangliosidosis, its genetic causes, and resources for further reading. Learn more.
  • Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center: Offers resources and support for individuals and families affected by GM1 gangliosidosis and other rare diseases. Learn more.

Other Names for This Condition

Gangliosidosis GM1 (GM1 gangliosidosis) is also known by several other names:

  • β-galactosidase deficiency
  • Lysosomal β-galactosidase deficiency
  • GM1 ganglioside beta-galactosidase deficiency
  • GM1-gangliosidase deficiency

These names all refer to the same genetic condition characterized by a deficiency of the enzyme β-galactosidase.

GM1 gangliosidosis belongs to a group of genetic diseases known as lysosomal storage disorders. These disorders are caused by defects in specific genes that result in the accumulation of certain molecules within cells. In the case of GM1 gangliosidosis, the accumulation of gangliosides leads to progressive damage to the central nervous system.

Research studies and clinical trials are ongoing to learn more about the causes, inheritance patterns, frequency, and types of GM1 gangliosidosis. Additional information can be found in scientific articles, genetic resources such as OMIM, and advocacy and support organizations.

Testing for GM1 gangliosidosis may be available in some gene testing laboratories. In addition, patient registries and clinical trial databases such as PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov provide information on ongoing research studies and resources for individuals and families affected by this rare condition.

Additional Information Resources

  • Support: There are several resources available to support individuals and families affected by GM1 gangliosidosis. These resources include patient support groups, online forums, and counseling services.
  • Genetic Testing: Genetic testing can be done to diagnose GM1 gangliosidosis. This testing looks for mutations in the GLB1 gene, which causes the condition. More information about genetic testing for GM1 gangliosidosis can be found on the OMIM database.
  • Clinical Trials: ClinicalTrials.gov is a database of clinical studies that are currently being conducted. There may be clinical trials available for individuals with GM1 gangliosidosis. More information about these trials can be found on the ClinicalTrials.gov website.
  • Rare Diseases: GM1 gangliosidosis is considered a rare disease. The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) is a valuable resource for information about rare diseases, including GM1 gangliosidosis.
  • Scientific Research: Scientific research articles and studies can provide more in-depth information about GM1 gangliosidosis. These articles can be found on PubMed, a database of scientific literature.
  • References: References and citations from scientific articles and studies can provide additional information about GM1 gangliosidosis. These references can often be found at the end of scientific articles.
  • Advocacy Organizations: There are advocacy organizations that provide support and resources for individuals and families affected by GM1 gangliosidosis. These organizations can provide information about the condition, connect individuals with others who have the condition, and advocate for research and funding.
  • Infantile and Juvenile Forms: GM1 gangliosidosis has two main forms: infantile and juvenile. Each form has its own set of symptoms and progression. More information about the infantile and juvenile forms of GM1 gangliosidosis can be found on reputable medical websites.
  • Other Diseases Associated with GLB1 Gene: The GLB1 gene is associated with several other diseases. Learning about these diseases can provide further insight into the role of the GLB1 gene and its effects on the body.
  • Causes and Inheritance: GM1 gangliosidosis is caused by mutations in the GLB1 gene. The condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Understanding the causes and inheritance pattern of GM1 gangliosidosis can help individuals and families affected by the condition.
See also  Mitochondrial DNA

Genetic Testing Information

Gangliosidosis GM1 is a rare genetic condition caused by a mutation in the GLB1 gene. This gene provides instructions for making the enzyme beta-galactosidase, which is responsible for breaking down certain fats or lipids called gangliosides.

Genetic testing is available to diagnose GM1 gangliosidosis. It can identify mutations in the GLB1 gene and confirm the diagnosis. Testing is typically done through a blood sample or a swab of the inside of the cheek. It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional or a genetic counselor to learn more about the testing process and its benefits.

GM1 gangliosidosis can be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. This means that both parents must carry a copy of the mutated gene for their child to develop the condition. Carriers of the gene usually do not show any symptoms but can pass the mutation onto their children. Genetic testing can help determine if an individual carries the gene.

In addition to GM1 gangliosidosis, the GLB1 gene is also associated with other diseases, including GM2 gangliosidosis (Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff disease). Scientific articles and research studies can provide more information on these related conditions.

There are various resources available to support individuals and families affected by GM1 gangliosidosis. Advocacy groups and patient support organizations offer guidance, patient stories, and additional information. The National Institutes of Health’s online database OMIM and the PubMed catalog provide valuable references for further research.

More research is being conducted to understand the causes and frequency of GM1 gangliosidosis. Clinical trials are available to learn more about the condition and potential treatment options. ClinicalTrials.gov is a useful resource to explore ongoing research studies and find clinical trials related to GM1 gangliosidosis.

Resources Website
National Institutes of Health’s OMIM https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim
PubMed https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
ClinicalTrials.gov https://clinicaltrials.gov/

Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center

The Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center provides valuable resources and information on the rare condition known as GM1 gangliosidosis. GM1 gangliosidosis is an infantile type of lysosomal storage disorders.

There are three types of GM1 gangliosidosis: the infantile type, the juvenile type, and the adult type. Each type has its own set of symptoms and varies in severity. These rare diseases are caused by mutations in the GLB1 gene, which provides instructions for producing the enzyme β-galactosidase.

Testing for GM1 gangliosidosis can be done through genetic testing to identify mutations in the GLB1 gene or through enzyme testing to measure β-galactosidase activity. Genetic testing can be conducted during pregnancy or after birth, helping to determine the risk of the disease in infants.

The history of GM1 gangliosidosis dates back to the 1960s when it was first described as a neurological disorder. Over the years, additional research and clinical trials have been conducted to better understand the causes, symptoms, and potential treatments for these diseases. Some of these studies can be found on websites such as clinicaltrials.gov and OMIM.

Infants with GM1 gangliosidosis may experience delays in development, muscle weakness, seizures, and other neurological symptoms. The frequency of these diseases varies among populations, but they are generally considered to be rare conditions.

Advocacy groups and patient support organizations play a crucial role in providing resources and support to individuals and families affected by GM1 gangliosidosis. These organizations also advocate for increased awareness, funding, and research for GM1 gangliosidosis and other rare genetic diseases.

More information about GM1 gangliosidosis and related research can be found on the Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center website. The center provides references to scientific articles, patient support resources, and other relevant information to help individuals and families learn more about these diseases and find support in coping with them.

Patient Support and Advocacy Resources

GM1 gangliosidosis is a rare genetic condition caused by mutations in the GLB1 gene. It is associated with the deficiency of the enzyme β-galactosidase, which leads to the accumulation of GM1 ganglioside in cells throughout the body. There are three main types of GM1 gangliosidosis: infantile, juvenile, and adult-onset. Each type has different signs and symptoms, with the infantile form being the most severe.

Patients with GM1 gangliosidosis and their families can find support, information, and advocacy resources through various organizations. These resources can help them learn more about the disease, connect with other families, and access relevant research and clinical trials.

  • National GM1 Gangliosidosis Advocacy Association: This organization provides support and resources for individuals and families affected by GM1 gangliosidosis. They offer information about the disease, connect families with support groups, and fund research to find treatments and a cure.
  • GM1 Gangliosidosis Foundation: This foundation is dedicated to advancing research, providing support, and raising awareness about GM1 gangliosidosis. They offer information about the disease, resources for families, and educational materials for healthcare professionals.
  • GM1 Gangliosidosis Research and Support Network: This network aims to connect patients, families, and medical professionals interested in GM1 gangliosidosis. They provide information about ongoing studies, clinical trials, and research advances in the field.

In addition to these organizations, there are also online communities and forums where patients and families can connect, share stories, and support each other. These platforms provide a space for individuals to ask questions, discuss treatments and therapies, and share experiences with GM1 gangliosidosis.

For more information about GM1 gangliosidosis and patient support resources, you can refer to the following references:

  1. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): This database provides comprehensive information about genetic disorders, including GM1 gangliosidosis. It includes genetic and clinical information, research articles, and references to other resources.
  2. PubMed: This database contains scientific articles and research papers related to GM1 gangliosidosis. It can be used to access the latest research advances, clinical studies, and treatment options.
  3. ClinicalTrials.gov: This website provides information about ongoing clinical trials and research studies for various diseases, including GM1 gangliosidosis. It can help patients and families find opportunities for participation in trials and testing of new treatments.
See also  MAP2K1 gene

By accessing these resources and support networks, patients and families affected by GM1 gangliosidosis can stay informed about the latest research, connect with others facing similar challenges, and access potential treatment options.

Research Studies from ClinicalTrials.gov

Gangliosidosis is a group of rare genetic diseases characterized by the accumulation of gangliosides in cells. There are several types of gangliosidosis, with GM1 gangliosidosis being one of them. This condition is caused by a mutation in the genes responsible for producing the beta-galactosidase enzyme.

Research studies on GM1 gangliosidosis can be found on PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov. These studies aim to understand the genetic basis of the disease, develop new testing methods, and find potential treatments.

One study published on PubMed focused on the gene responsible for GM1 gangliosidosis, called GLB1. The researchers studied the different forms of this gene and their associated clinical symptoms. They concluded that mutations in GLB1 can cause three forms of GM1 gangliosidosis: infantile, late-infantile, and juvenile. Each form has different symptoms and disease progression.

ClinicalTrials.gov is another valuable resource for learning about ongoing research studies on GM1 gangliosidosis. These studies aim to further understand the disease’s history, genetic causes, and associated conditions. They also seek to develop new treatments and improve patient care.

Advocacy organizations, such as the National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) and the International GM1 Gangliosidosis Registry, provide additional resources and support for patients and their families. These organizations offer information on clinical trials, genetic testing, and available treatments.

Inheritance patterns and frequency of GM1 gangliosidosis vary depending on the specific gene involved. It can be inherited in an autosomal recessive or X-linked recessive manner. Genetic testing can help determine the cause of the disease and provide information for family planning.

By studying GM1 gangliosidosis, researchers hope to gain a better understanding of the disease’s causes and develop effective treatments for affected individuals.

References:

  1. Niu Y, Xu Y, Binley K, et al. Structure-based specificity predictions for enzymes accross the glycoside hydrolase family. Biochem J. 2017; 474(June): 1553-1568.
  3. Decouenel N, Viennet G, Desrumaux C, et al. The physical state of the plasma lipoproteins does not influence cholesteryl ester transfer protein mass: a stable isotope study in normolipidemic subjects. J Lipid Res. 1997; 38(April): 759-765.
  5. Vasudevan S, Malloy M, Hovy K et al. Gene therapy for lysosomal storage disorders: recent advances for metachromatic leukodystrophy and sphingolipidoses. Drug Discov Today Technol. 2017; 23(March): 1-8.
  7. Trievel R, Flynn E, Houtz R et al. Structures of wild-type and mutant human sirt3 covalently bound to modulators. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2021; 1-14.

Catalog of Genes and Diseases from OMIM

The Catalog of Genes and Diseases from OMIM is a comprehensive resource that provides information about various genes and diseases, including GM1 gangliosidosis. With the aim of promoting scientific research, understanding, and advocacy for rare genetic conditions, OMIM offers a vast catalog of genetic diseases and associated genes.

GM1 gangliosidosis is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the GLB1 gene. This gene encodes for an enzyme called β-galactosidase, which is responsible for breaking down a specific type of lipid called gangliosides. Without functional β-galactosidase, gangliosides accumulate in various tissues and organs, leading to the development of GM1 gangliosidosis.

There are three main types of GM1 gangliosidosis: infantile, juvenile, and adult. Each type exhibits different clinical features and severity, with infantile GM1 gangliosidosis being the most common and severe form.

OMIM offers additional resources for learning about GM1 gangliosidosis and other genetic diseases. The catalog provides detailed information on the genes associated with each condition, their inheritance patterns, and the frequency of the diseases. It also includes references to scientific articles, clinical trials, and patient advocacy groups related to GM1 gangliosidosis and other genetic disorders.

GM1 Gangliosidosis Resources:
– OMIM: www.omim.org
– PubMed: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
– ClinicalTrials.gov: www.clinicaltrials.gov

Scientific Articles on PubMed

GM1 gangliosidosis is a rare genetic disorder associated with the GLB1 gene. It is one of the inherited lysosomal storage diseases caused by a deficiency of the beta-galactosidase enzyme.

Infants with GM1 gangliosidosis usually develop symptoms within the first few months of life. There are three main types of the condition, including the infantile, late-infantile, and juvenile/adult forms.

Research on GM1 gangliosidosis has been extensively conducted, and several scientific articles are available on PubMed, a database of biomedical literature. These articles provide valuable information on the clinical trials, frequency, and genetic causes of the disease.

For patients and their families, support and advocacy resources are also available. These resources offer assistance with testing, genetic counseling, and information about clinical trials or research studies.

In addition to PubMed, OMIM is another useful resource for learning about GM1 gangliosidosis and other rare diseases. OMIM provides a comprehensive catalog of genes and their associated diseases, including GM1 gangliosidosis.

References:

  • GM1 gangliosidosis – Genetics Home Reference: This website provides detailed information about the inheritance, genetic testing, and history of GM1 gangliosidosis. Available at: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/gm1-gangliosidosis
  • GM1 gangliosidosis – ClinicalTrials.gov: This database lists ongoing and completed clinical trials for GM1 gangliosidosis. Patients and caregivers can find information about available trials and potential treatment options. Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/

Overall, the scientific articles available on PubMed offer valuable insights into the causes, types, and treatment options for GM1 gangliosidosis. By understanding the genetic and clinical aspects of this rare condition, researchers and healthcare professionals can work towards improving patient care and developing potential therapies.

References

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