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Familial Hemiplegic Migraine (FHM) is a rare genetic condition associated with severe migraines. It is characterized by temporary paralysis or weakness on one side of the body before or during a migraine attack. FHM is caused by mutations in specific genes that code for proteins involved in neurotransmitter control and brain function. These genetic mutations disrupt the normal functioning of neurotransmitters, leading to the symptoms of FHM.

Scientific studies, with support from patient advocacy groups and genetic testing centers, have identified several genes associated with FHM. These genes include CACNA1A, ATP1A2, SCN1A, and PRRT2, among others. Mutations in these genes have also been linked to other rare neurological conditions, providing further evidence of the genetic basis of FHM.

The frequency of FHM is relatively low, and it usually has a strong familial inheritance pattern, meaning it is passed down through generations within certain families. The exact mechanisms for how the mutations in these genes cause FHM are not yet fully understood, but ongoing research is shedding light on the complex interplay between the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the development of this condition.

For patients and families affected by FHM, there are resources available to learn more about the condition and find support. The OMIM database and PubMed, a scientific article database, provide additional information on the genes associated with FHM and the diseases they are linked to. ClinicalTrials.gov is also a valuable resource for finding clinical trials related to FHM and its treatment.

Understanding the genetic causes and underlying mechanisms of FHM is crucial for developing targeted treatments and interventions. By learning more about this rare condition, researchers and clinicians can provide better support and care for patients and families affected by FHM.

References:

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– PubMed

– OMIM

– ClinicalTrials.gov

Frequency

Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) is a rare neurological condition characterized by severe migraines that are accompanied by temporary paralysis or weakness on one side of the body.

The frequency of FHM episodes varies among individuals, ranging from several attacks per month to only a few episodes in a lifetime. The severity and duration of the attacks also vary, as some individuals may experience mild symptoms that resolve within a few hours, while others may have more severe symptoms that last for several days.

Research has shown that FHM is caused by genetic mutations, with mutations in the CACNA1A, ATP1A2, and SCN1A genes being the most commonly identified in affected individuals. These genes provide instructions for making proteins that play a role in regulating the flow of calcium, sodium, and potassium ions in brain cells. Disruptions in these ion channels can lead to abnormal brain cell activity and the development of migraines.

Further information about the genes associated with FHM can be found in the OMIM database and other scientific articles referenced on PubMed.

Inheritance of FHM follows an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning that a person only needs to inherit the mutated gene from one parent to develop the condition. However, the specific mechanisms underlying the development of FHM are still not fully understood, and research is ongoing to learn more about the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the condition.

In addition to the genetic causes, certain triggers, such as stress, hormonal changes, certain foods, and physical exertion, can also contribute to the frequency and severity of FHM attacks. Identifying and avoiding these triggers may help reduce the occurrence of migraines in affected individuals.

ClinicalTrials.gov provides information on ongoing research studies and clinical trials related to FHM, which can provide additional support and treatment options for patients. Furthermore, advocacy organizations and support groups can also provide resources and support for individuals and families affected by FHM.

Overall, Familial hemiplegic migraine is a rare condition characterized by severe and debilitating migraines. Ongoing research and genetic testing can provide more information about the causes and management of this condition, and support from advocacy groups can help individuals and families affected by FHM.

Causes

Familial hemiplegic migraine is a rare condition that can have a significant impact on patients and their families. It is characterized by severe headache attacks accompanied by temporary paralysis or weakness on one side of the body.

Research has shown that familial hemiplegic migraine is a genetic condition, with mutations in specific genes playing a role in its development. Mutations in the CACNA1A, ATP1A2, and SCN1A genes have been identified as leading contributors to this condition. These genes are responsible for encoding proteins involved in regulating the flow of ions in the brain.

Studies have shown that mutations in the CACNA1A gene are most commonly associated with familial hemiplegic migraine. This gene provides instructions for making a protein involved in the communication between cells, especially nerve cells in the brain.

The ATP1A2 gene provides instructions for producing a protein that helps maintain the balance of ions in cells. Mutations in this gene can disrupt the normal functioning of nerve cells and contribute to the development of familial hemiplegic migraine.

Mutations in the SCN1A gene can also result in familial hemiplegic migraine. This gene produces a protein that helps regulate the activity of sodium channels in nerve cells. Changes in this gene can disrupt the normal functioning of these channels and contribute to the symptoms of the condition.

Understanding the genetic causes of familial hemiplegic migraine can provide important information for diagnosing and treating affected individuals. Genetic testing can be conducted to identify specific mutations in these genes and confirm a diagnosis of familial hemiplegic migraine.

In addition to genetic causes, there are other factors that can contribute to the development of familial hemiplegic migraine. These include changes in neurotransmitter levels in the brain, alterations in blood flow, and certain environmental triggers.

Further research is needed to fully understand the causes of familial hemiplegic migraine and develop more targeted treatments. Families affected by this condition can find support and resources through advocacy organizations, such as the Familial Hemiplegic Migraine Foundation.

  1. For more information about the genetic causes of familial hemiplegic migraine:
  • PubMed: a database of scientific articles
  • OMIM: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders
See also  MYCN gene
  • For information about clinical trials and research studies related to familial hemiplegic migraine:
    • ClinicalTrials.gov: a database of current and completed clinical trials

    Learn more about the genes associated with Familial hemiplegic migraine

    Familial hemiplegic migraine is a rare neurological condition characterized by severe migraines that are accompanied by temporary paralysis or weakness on one side of the body. Research has shown that these migraines have a genetic component, with certain genes and proteins being associated with the condition.

    Genes such as CACNA1A, ATP1A2, and SCN1A have been identified as playing a role in familial hemiplegic migraine. These genes produce proteins that are involved in regulating the movement of ions in the brain. Mutations in these genes can disrupt the normal functioning of neurotransmitters, leading to the symptoms of migraine.

    To learn more about the genetic causes of familial hemiplegic migraine, there are several resources available. The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) catalog provides comprehensive information on the genes and proteins associated with this condition. Additionally, PubMed offers a wealth of scientific articles on familial hemiplegic migraine, including studies on the genetics and inheritance patterns of the disease.

    For patients and families affected by familial hemiplegic migraine, it is important to seek genetic testing and counseling. This can help determine the specific gene mutations involved and provide information on the likelihood of passing the condition on to future generations. Genetic testing can also be useful in guiding treatment options and determining the frequency and severity of episodes.

    In addition to genetic resources, there are advocacy groups and research centers dedicated to familial hemiplegic migraine. These organizations provide support and information for patients and their families, as well as fund research aimed at better understanding and treating the condition.

    Some key names and references for further information on familial hemiplegic migraine include:

    • The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
    • ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of ongoing clinical trials related to familial hemiplegic migraine
    • OMIM: the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man catalog
    • PubMed: a database of scientific articles

    By learning more about the genes associated with familial hemiplegic migraine, patients and their families can better understand the underlying causes of the condition and access the resources and support they need.

    Inheritance

    Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) is a rare genetic condition that is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. This means that a person with FHM has a 50% chance of passing the condition on to each of their children.

    FHM is caused by mutations in specific genes that are involved in the regulation of neurotransmitters in the brain. These mutations disrupt the normal functioning of these genes, leading to abnormal neurotransmitter levels and the symptoms of hemiplegic migraine.

    There are several different genes that have been associated with FHM, including CACNA1A, ATP1A2, and SCN1A. Studies have shown that mutations in these genes can cause FHM in affected individuals.

    Genetic testing can be done to identify specific mutations in these genes that are associated with FHM. This testing can provide valuable information for patient counseling, genealogical studies, and advocacy for support and resources for families affected by FHM.

    If a mutation is identified, genetic counseling can be offered to affected individuals and their families. This can help them understand the inheritance pattern of FHM and provide information about the risks of passing the condition on to future generations.

    There is currently no cure for FHM, but there are strategies for managing and controlling the frequency and severity of migraines. Medications, lifestyle changes, and other interventions can be used to help prevent and treat migraines in individuals with FHM.

    For more information about the genetic inheritance of FHM, as well as additional resources and research articles, please visit the following websites:

    These resources can provide more information about the genetic basis of FHM and ongoing research efforts to understand and treat this condition.

    Other Names for This Condition

    • FHM (Familial Hemiplegic Migraine)
    • Hemiplegic migraine, familial type
    • FHM1 (Familial Hemiplegic Migraine Type 1)
    • FHM2 (Familial Hemiplegic Migraine Type 2)
    • FHM3 (Familial Hemiplegic Migraine Type 3)
    • Hemicrania anatomica et phantastica
    • Hereditary migraine syndrome
    • Migraine, familial, type 1
    • Migraine, familial, type 2
    • Migraine, familial, type 3

    Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) is a rare genetic neurological disorder that causes severe migraines. It is characterized by episodes of head pain, often accompanied by neurological symptoms such as hemiplegia (temporary paralysis on one side of the body) and visual disturbances.

    FHM is associated with mutations in several genes that control the production and release of neurotransmitters in the brain. These genetic mutations can cause abnormal responses to stimuli and disruptions in the normal function of the brain’s blood vessels, leading to the development of migraines.

    The frequency and severity of FHM episodes can vary among affected individuals and within families. Some individuals may experience frequent and severe migraines, while others may have less frequent episodes or milder symptoms. The inheritance pattern of FHM can also vary, with some cases showing autosomal dominant inheritance and others showing autosomal recessive or sporadic inheritance.

    Diagnosis of FHM is based on clinical symptoms, family history, and genetic testing. Additional testing, such as brain imaging studies and neurological examination, may be done to rule out other neurological diseases that can cause similar symptoms.

    There are ongoing research studies and clinical trials on FHM to learn more about the condition, its causes, and potential treatment options. Resources such as PubMed, OMIM, and ClinicalTrials.gov provide access to scientific articles, genetic information, and references to clinical trials and studies related to FHM.

    Patient advocacy groups and support organizations can provide additional information and support for families with FHM. These organizations can offer resources, educational materials, and opportunities for connecting with other affected individuals and families.

    In summary, Familial Hemiplegic Migraine is a rare genetic neurological condition that causes severe migraines and is associated with mutations in specific genes. There are multiple other names for this condition, and research is ongoing to better understand its causes and develop effective treatments.

    See also  KRT6A gene

    Additional Information Resources

    Here are some additional resources to learn more about familial hemiplegic migraine:

    • Control Genes: To study the associated genes and their functions, genetic studies have identified several control genes.
    • Gene Testing: Genetic testing can be done to determine the gene mutation causing familial hemiplegic migraine.
    • Scientific Resources: Scientific publications and research articles on familial hemiplegic migraine are available on PubMed.
    • ClinicalTrials.gov: This website provides information on ongoing clinical trials related to familial hemiplegic migraine.
    • Rare Diseases Information: The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) is a valuable resource for information on rare diseases.
    • Genetic Inheritance: The inheritance patterns of familial hemiplegic migraine can be learned from resources like the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) catalog.
    • Neurological Support: For support and advocacy related to migraines and neurological conditions, the American Migraine Foundation and the National Headache Foundation can be contacted.
    • Neurotransmitters: To understand the role of neurotransmitters in familial hemiplegic migraine, resources on neurobiology and neuroscience can be explored.

    These resources can provide additional information, research, and support for patients and families affected by familial hemiplegic migraine.

    Genetic Testing Information

    Genetic testing can provide valuable information for individuals and families affected by Familial Hemiplegic Migraine (FHM). It can help with the diagnosis of the condition, understanding its inheritance pattern, and providing more insight into the underlying genetic causes.

    Familial Hemiplegic Migraine is a rare neurological condition characterized by severe migraines that can cause temporary paralysis on one side of the body. It is known to be caused by mutations in certain genes that are involved in the regulation of neurotransmitters in the brain.

    Genetic testing can identify these mutations by analyzing the DNA of the patient. It can help determine if someone carries the specific genetic alteration associated with FHM, which can be useful for understanding the condition’s inheritance patterns within families.

    By identifying the responsible gene and mutation, genetic testing also allows patients and their healthcare providers to explore additional resources and support. This can include connecting with advocacy groups, research centers, and clinical trials that focus on FHM and other related diseases.

    There are several databases and resources that provide more information on the genetic basis of Familial Hemiplegic Migraine. The Online Mendelian Inheritance of Man (OMIM) and PubMed are valuable sources of scientific articles, studies, and references.

    Patients can learn more about their specific genetic condition by searching these databases using the names of the associated genes, such as CACNA1A, ATP1A2, and SCN1A. These genes have been found to be commonly associated with Familial Hemiplegic Migraine.

    In addition to genetic testing, it is important to consider other factors that may contribute to the condition’s frequency and severity, such as the patient’s medical history, lifestyle factors, and triggers. A comprehensive approach is necessary to effectively manage and control the symptoms of Familial Hemiplegic Migraine.

    Overall, genetic testing provides valuable information for individuals and families affected by Familial Hemiplegic Migraine. It can help with diagnosis, understanding inheritance patterns, and connecting with resources and support. If you or someone you know has a family history of FHM, consider discussing genetic testing options with a healthcare provider.

    Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center

    The Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) provides valuable information on various genetic and rare diseases, including Familial Hemiplegic Migraine (FHM). FHM is a rare neurological condition that causes severe migraines with temporary paralysis on one side of the body.

    GARD offers comprehensive information about the frequency, inheritance patterns, causes, and symptoms of FHM. The center also provides resources for patients, families, and healthcare professionals to support the diagnosis, management, and treatment of this rare condition.

    OMIM, the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, is a comprehensive catalog of genes and genetic conditions, and it provides information on FHM-associated genes and their inheritance patterns. By studying these genes, scientists have gained a better understanding of the biological processes in the brain that contribute to FHM.

    Research on FHM is ongoing, and clinicaltrials.gov, a database of clinical trials, provides information on current and upcoming research studies. By participating in clinical trials, patients and their families can contribute to the advancement of scientific knowledge and potentially have access to novel treatments and therapies.

    In addition to clinical trials, GARD also provides references to scientific articles from PubMed. These articles provide further insights into the genetics, neurology, and treatment of FHM, and they can be a valuable resource for patients and healthcare professionals seeking more information about the condition.

    Genetic testing is available for FHM, and it can help confirm a diagnosis and identify specific gene mutations associated with the condition. This information can be useful for understanding the inheritance patterns within affected families and providing appropriate genetic counseling.

    Support and advocacy organizations can also be of great help to individuals and families affected by FHM. These organizations offer community support, educational resources, and opportunities for fundraising and awareness campaigns.

    In summary, the Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) is a valuable resource for learning about Familial Hemiplegic Migraine (FHM) and other rare genetic conditions. Through GARD, patients can access information on the causes, inheritance patterns, and clinical manifestations of FHM. They can also find resources for genetic testing, research participation, and support from advocacy organizations.

    Patient Support and Advocacy Resources

    • The clinicaltrials.gov website provides information on ongoing clinical trials related to familial hemiplegic migraine and other neurological conditions.
    • The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database offers detailed information on genes and genetic conditions, including familial hemiplegic migraine.
    • PubMed is a valuable resource for finding scientific articles and studies on familial hemiplegic migraine and related neurological conditions.
    • The NCBI Gene database provides information on genes associated with familial hemiplegic migraine and other conditions.
    • The NCBI Research Resources catalog offers additional resources for genetic research.
    • The NCBI Diseases database provides information on various diseases, including familial hemiplegic migraine.

    For those seeking support and advocacy for familial hemiplegic migraine, the following resources may be beneficial:

    See also  Leigh syndrome

    It is important for individuals with familial hemiplegic migraine to seek appropriate medical care for their condition. Genetic testing may be available to confirm the diagnosis and identify the specific gene mutation associated with the condition. Through research and patient advocacy, more is being learned about the causes and treatment options for familial hemiplegic migraine.

    Research Studies from ClinicalTrials.gov

    Research studies conducted by ClinicalTrials.gov provide valuable information for understanding and managing familial hemiplegic migraine, a rare neurological condition. These studies focus on various aspects of the condition, including its causes, inheritance pattern, associated genes, and treatment options.

    One area of research investigates the genetic basis of familial hemiplegic migraine. Scientists aim to identify the specific genes responsible for the condition and understand how these genes contribute to the development of migraines. This information can help in developing targeted therapies and genetic testing for affected individuals.

    Another focus of research studies is the role of neurotransmitters and proteins in causing migraines. By studying the brain and its neurotransmitter systems, researchers hope to uncover the underlying mechanisms that lead to migraine episodes. This knowledge can lead to the development of more effective treatments and prevention strategies.

    ClinicalTrials.gov provides a catalog of ongoing and completed research studies related to familial hemiplegic migraine. These studies not only enhance scientific understanding but also offer valuable resources to patients and their families. By participating in these trials, patients can contribute to the advancement of knowledge and potentially gain access to cutting-edge treatments.

    Through ClinicalTrials.gov, patients and their families can access additional information about the condition, including its history, genetic inheritance patterns, and advocacy resources. The database also provides links to articles and references published in PubMed, a renowned source of scientific literature.

    By exploring the studies and resources available on ClinicalTrials.gov and PubMed, individuals can learn more about familial hemiplegic migraine and discover support networks, clinical centers, and genetic testing facilities specializing in this condition. This information can aid in making informed decisions about their healthcare and treatment options.

    Catalog of Genes and Diseases from OMIM

    OMIM, or Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, is a comprehensive database that catalogs information on genetic diseases and genes. It is a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, medical professionals, and families affected by genetic conditions.

    This catalog provides a wealth of information on various diseases and the genes associated with them. In the context of familial hemiplegic migraine, OMIM provides information about the genetic causes of this rare neurological condition.

    Through OMIM, researchers have identified several genes that are associated with familial hemiplegic migraine. These genes play a role in the regulation of neurotransmitters in the brain, which are critical for normal brain function.

    Family members and advocacy groups can access OMIM to learn more about the condition and find resources and support. OMIM provides information on clinical trials, scientific articles, and genetic testing resources related to familial hemiplegic migraine.

    The catalog on familial hemiplegic migraine on OMIM includes information about the clinical symptoms, inheritance patterns, and frequency of the condition. It also lists references to scientific articles and studies on the topic.

    In addition to information on familial hemiplegic migraine, the OMIM catalog includes information on a wide range of other genetic diseases. This makes it a valuable resource for researchers and medical professionals studying genetic conditions.

    OMIM has a long history and is constantly updated with new information. It provides additional resources such as protein information, patient advocacy groups, and research centers focused on specific genetic conditions.

    For more information about familial hemiplegic migraine and other genetic diseases, you can visit the OMIM website at www.omim.org. References to scientific articles and studies can also be found on PubMed.

    Overall, OMIM is a valuable resource for researchers, medical professionals, and families affected by genetic diseases. It provides a comprehensive catalog of genes and diseases, offering a wealth of information and support.

    Scientific Articles on PubMed

    Migraines are a neurological condition that can cause severe headaches and other symptoms. Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) is a rare form of migraine that is caused by genetic mutations.

    There are several resources available for learning more about familial hemiplegic migraine. PubMed is a database of scientific articles that provides information on a wide range of medical topics. It is a valuable resource for finding research studies and clinical trials related to FHM.

    Many scientific articles on PubMed focus on the genetic causes of FHM. These articles often discuss specific genes that are associated with the condition, as well as the frequency of these genes in affected individuals. Some studies also explore the role of neurotransmitters and other proteins in FHM.

    In addition to genetic research, there are also articles that discuss the clinical presentation and history of FHM patients. These articles may describe the symptoms experienced by individuals with FHM, as well as the frequency and severity of attacks. They may also provide information on diagnostic testing and inheritance patterns in FHM-affected families.

    PubMed is a valuable tool for researchers and healthcare professionals who are studying or treating FHM. The database provides access to a wide range of scientific articles and references, allowing users to stay up-to-date on the latest research and developments in the field.

    In addition to PubMed, there are other resources available for individuals with FHM and their families. These include advocacy and support groups, such as the National Headache Foundation, which provide information and support for individuals affected by migraines and other neurological diseases. Online communities and forums can also be a valuable source of support and information.

    Overall, scientific articles on PubMed provide a wealth of information on familial hemiplegic migraine. They cover topics such as genetic inheritance, clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, and more. By exploring the articles available on PubMed, individuals and healthcare professionals can learn about the latest research and advancements in the understanding and treatment of FHM.

    References

    • Genetic Testing for Familial Hemiplegic Migraine. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genetictesting/clinics
    • Hemiplegic Migraine. (2018, August 29). Retrieved from https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/hemiplegic-migraine/
    • Hemiplegic Migraine. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.omim.org/phenotypicSeries/PS141500
    • Migraine – Genetics Home Reference – NIH. (2019, March 12). Retrieved from https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/migraine
    • More about Hemiplegic Migraines. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ahma.memberclicks.net/hemiplegic-migraine
    • Neurological Clinical Trials Center. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.clinicaltrialsgov/ct2/search/browse?brwse=cond_cat
    • Pubmed – US National Library of Medicine. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
    • Research Articles – Familial Hemiplegic Migraine. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=hemiplegic+migraine
    • What is Familial Hemiplegic Migraine? (n.d.). Retrieved from https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/familial-hemiplegic-migraine/

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