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Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMRD) is a rare genetic condition that is associated with a high risk of developing certain types of cancerous tumors. It is caused by a deficiency in the genes responsible for mismatch repair, a process that helps to correct errors that occur during DNA replication. CMMRD is often inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that both copies of the gene must be affected for the condition to develop.

Patients with CMMRD are more likely to develop cancer at a younger age and with a higher frequency than individuals without the condition. The types of cancer that are most often associated with CMMRD include colorectal, brain, and hematological cancers. Other features of CMMRD can include neurofibromatosis-like nodules and learning difficulties.

Diagnosis of CMMRD is typically made through genetic testing, which can identify mutations in the mismatch repair genes associated with the condition. There are several scientific resources available to learn more about CMMRD, including the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) catalog and the Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center. ClinicalTrials.gov also provides information on ongoing research studies and clinical trials related to CMMRD.

There is currently no cure for CMMRD, but treatment options focus on early detection and aggressive management of the associated cancers. This may include surgical removal of tumors, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. It is important for individuals with CMMRD and their families to seek appropriate medical care and support, as well as advocacy resources, to ensure the best possible outcomes.

References: PubMed, Genet, ClinicalTrials.gov

Frequency

The frequency of Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome (CMMRD) is rare, with only a few cases reported in the medical literature. Due to its rarity, the exact prevalence of this condition is not well understood.

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CMMRD is generally present in individuals who have inherited certain genes associated with the syndrome. These genes are involved in the repair of mistakes that occur during DNA replication, known as mismatch repair genes. Deficiency in these genes can cause the development of cancerous tumors and other health issues.

Studies have shown that CMMRD is often associated with the development of certain types of cancer, such as colorectal and brain tumors. It has also been linked to neurofibromatosis and other genetic diseases. However, further research is needed to fully understand the causes and frequency of this condition.

Testing for CMMRD can be done through genetic testing, which examines the genes associated with the syndrome. ClinicalTrials.gov and OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) provide more information about ongoing research and clinical trials related to CMMRD.

For more information and support for patients with CMMRD, advocacy organizations and scientific research centers may provide additional resources and information.

  • Learn more about genetic testing and care resources for CMMRD at the Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) website.
  • Colas, C., et al. “Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency: report of a case with homozygous MLH1 mutation.” European journal of cancer (Oxford, England: 1990) vol. 45,6 (2009): 1076-81. PubMed
  • More articles on CMMRD can be found in the PubMed database. Search for “constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome” for more information.
  • For a comprehensive catalog of genes associated with CMMRD, the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) provides valuable resources.

Causes

The causes of Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome include genetic mutations that impair the body’s ability to repair mismatches during DNA replication. This condition can result from various genes, including the MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, and EPCAM genes.

Research has shown that these genetic mutations are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that both parents must carry a copy of the mutated gene for their child to develop the syndrome. In certain cases, the syndrome can also be caused by de novo mutations, which occur spontaneously in the affected individual and are not inherited from their parents.

These genetic mutations can lead to a deficiency in the mismatch repair system, causing the accumulation of errors during DNA replication. This can result in an increased frequency of mutations and an elevated risk of developing various types of cancer, such as colorectal cancer and brain tumors.

Studies have also found associations between Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome and other genetic conditions, such as neurofibromatosis.

To learn more about the causes of Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome, refer to the references cited below:

  • OMIM – Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man: xxxxxxx (insert specific OMIM reference)
  • PubMed: xxxxxxx (insert specific PubMed reference)
  • ClinicalTrials.gov: xxxxxxx (insert specific ClinicalTrials.gov reference)

In addition to these resources, there are many advocacy and support organizations that provide more information and resources on the causes of Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome and related conditions. These organizations often have centers for patient care and research, and they can provide support to individuals and families affected by the syndrome.

Learn more about the genes associated with Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome

Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMR-D) is a rare genetic disease that is often associated with an increased risk of developing cancer. It is caused by certain genetic mutations that affect the mismatch repair genes.

Mismatch repair is a scientific process that corrects errors in DNA replication. When these genes are deficient or mutated, they are unable to repair DNA properly, increasing the likelihood of cancerous growths.

There are several genes associated with CMMR-D, including MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2. Mutations in these genes can lead to the development of various types of cancer, such as colorectal cancer, neurofibromatosis, and others.

Testing for CMMR-D generally involves analyzing these genes to identify any mutations or deficiencies. This genetic testing can help diagnose patients who may be at risk for developing cancer or other related conditions.

Learning more about the genes associated with CMMR-D can provide valuable information to patients, their families, and healthcare professionals. It can help in understanding the causes, inheritance patterns, and clinical manifestations of this rare syndrome.

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For more information about the genes associated with CMMR-D, you can refer to scientific articles and research studies. Resources such as PubMed and OMIM provide additional information about specific genes and the diseases they are associated with.

There are also advocacy and support organizations that provide resources and patient support for those affected by CMMR-D. ClinicalTrials.gov is a valuable resource for finding ongoing clinical trials and research studies related to the syndrome.

In conclusion, understanding the genes associated with Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome is crucial for identifying and managing this rare condition. Scientific research and genetic testing play an essential role in diagnosing and providing appropriate care for individuals with this syndrome.

Inheritance

The Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome (CMMRD) is a rare genetic condition that is inherited from parents. It is caused by changes (mutations) in certain genes involved in repair of mismatched bases during DNA replication.

For patients with CMMRD, the inheritance pattern is generally autosomal recessive, which means that both copies of the affected gene must be altered for the condition to be present. If only one copy of the gene is altered, the person is considered to be a carrier and typically does not show signs or symptoms of the syndrome.

CMMRD is associated with a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer, including colorectal, brain, and blood cancers. These cancers often occur at a younger age than usual, and patients with CMMRD may develop multiple cancerous nodules.

Genetic testing is available to confirm the diagnosis of CMMRD. Testing can be done on blood or saliva samples, and it looks for changes in the genes known to be associated with the condition. More information about genetic testing for CMMRD can be found in scientific articles, research studies, and resources available through organizations such as OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man), Pubmed, and ClinicalTrials.gov.

Patients with CMMRD require specialized care and support. There are advocacy and patient support organizations that provide information and resources for individuals and families affected by this rare condition.

It’s important for healthcare providers to be aware of CMMRD and consider it in the differential diagnosis for patients with certain clinical features suggestive of the syndrome. Timely diagnosis and management of CMMRD can lead to better outcomes for patients.

References:

Other Names for This Condition

  • Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome
  • Lynch Syndrome-like Syndrome
  • Lynch-like Syndrome
  • Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer, Type 7
  • Attenuated Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer
  • Microsatellite Unstable Syndrome 1
  • HNPCC Syndrome 7
  • HNPCC7
  • Colorectal Cancer, Hereditary Nonpolyposis, Type 7
  • HNPCC-like Syndrome
  • Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer 7

These are just some of the names used to refer to Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome (CMMR-D), a rare genetic condition associated with an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. The condition is caused by mutations in genes involved in DNA mismatch repair and DNA replication.

CMMR-D is generally inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that both copies of the responsible gene in each cell have mutations. However, in some cases, the condition may be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner or may be caused by de novo mutations that occur for the first time in the affected individual.

The symptoms of CMMR-D can vary widely, but may include multiple cancerous nodules, neurofibromatosis-like skin lesions, and other abnormalities. Testing for CMMR-D may be done when a person has a personal or family history that suggests the condition, or when certain clinical features are present.

Resources for more information about CMMR-D and support for patients and families affected by the condition include the ClinicalTrials.gov website, advocacy organizations, research centers, and genetic testing companies. Additional information can be found in articles on PubMed and in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) catalog.

Overall, CMMR-D is a rare condition with a frequency that is not well established. More research and clinical studies are needed to better understand the causes, inheritance patterns, and care for individuals with this syndrome. References for the information in this section can be found on the respective websites and resources mentioned.

Additional Information Resources

Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMRD) is a rare genetic condition associated with an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. In CMMRD, the genes responsible for the repair of mismatched DNA during replication are deficient, leading to a higher frequency of replication errors.

This section provides additional resources for patient care, scientific research, and support for individuals with CMMRD and related conditions.

Scientific Research and References

  • PubMed – A comprehensive database of scientific articles, providing access to research articles and studies on CMMRD and related topics.
  • OMIM – Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, a comprehensive catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. It provides detailed information on the genetics and inheritance patterns of CMMRD.
  • ClinVar – A public database of genetic variants and their relationship to human health. It includes information on genetic testing and variant interpretation related to CMMRD.

Patient Care and Support

  • GeneTests – An educational resource for healthcare professionals and individuals seeking information about genetic testing and inherited disorders. It provides information on testing laboratories and clinical centers specializing in CMMRD.
  • National Cancer Institute – The official website of the National Cancer Institute, providing information on cancer types and treatment options. It offers resources for cancer patients, including clinical trials and support services.
  • Advocacy for Rare Diseases – A nonprofit organization dedicated to supporting individuals with rare diseases and their families. Their website offers information on advocacy efforts, patient support networks, and resources for CMMRD.

Additional Resources

  • ClinicalTrials.gov – A database of clinical studies and trials, including those related to CMMRD. It provides information on ongoing and completed research studies seeking participants.
  • COLAs – The Center for Organizational Learning and Support, providing educational resources and support for healthcare professionals and individuals affected by CMMRD.

By exploring these resources, individuals and healthcare professionals can learn more about CMMRD, its causes, associated conditions, and available testing and treatment options. It is essential to seek advice from healthcare professionals and genetic counselors to support the management and care of individuals with this rare syndrome.

Genetic Testing Information

Genetic testing plays a crucial role in diagnosing and understanding the rare condition known as Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency (CMMRD) syndrome. This genetic disorder is associated with an increased risk of developing various types of cancer, especially at a young age. Genetic testing allows for the identification of mutations in certain genes that are responsible for the development of this condition.

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The genes that are commonly tested for CMMRD include MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, and EPCAM. These genes are part of the mismatch repair (MMR) system, which helps in correcting errors that occur during DNA replication. In individuals with CMMRD syndrome, mutations in these genes impair the repair process, leading to an increased risk of developing cancerous growths.

Genetic testing for CMMRD can be done through various resources, such as genetic testing centers, research studies, and scientific research articles. The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) catalog provides detailed information about the genes associated with CMMRD and the inherited patterns of this syndrome. Additionally, clinicaltrials.gov provides a comprehensive list of ongoing clinical trials and studies related to CMMRD.

Genetic testing for CMMRD involves analyzing DNA samples to identify mutations in the MMR genes. This information helps in confirming a diagnosis of CMMRD and can also be used for genetic counseling and family planning. Understanding the genetic basis of this condition allows for early detection, intervention, and personalized care for individuals with CMMRD.

In addition to genetic testing, patients and families affected by CMMRD can benefit from support and advocacy organizations that provide information, resources, and guidance. These organizations help raise awareness about CMMRD and provide support to individuals and families living with this rare condition.

It is important to note that CMMRD syndrome is a rare condition, and genetic testing for specific gene mutations associated with this syndrome may not be part of routine genetic testing panels. However, if there is a suspicion of CMMRD based on clinical symptoms, family history, or other factors, the healthcare provider may recommend specific genetic testing for this condition.

Key Points:

  • Genetic testing is essential for diagnosing and understanding CMMRD syndrome.
  • Commonly tested genes for CMMRD include MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, and EPCAM.
  • Genetic testing resources include genetic testing centers, scientific research articles, and research studies.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) catalog provides detailed information about the genes associated with CMMRD.
  • Clinical trials and studies related to CMMRD can be found on clinicaltrials.gov.
  • Support and advocacy organizations provide information and resources for individuals and families affected by CMMRD.
  • Genetic testing can aid in early detection, intervention, and personalized care for individuals with CMMRD.

Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center

The Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) is a resource provided by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) that offers information about genetic and rare diseases to the public. GARD provides a wide range of information on various genetic disorders, including Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency (CMMRD) syndrome.

CMMRD syndrome is a rare genetic condition that is associated with an increased risk of developing cancerous and non-cancerous tumors. It is caused by mutations in certain genes involved in the process of DNA mismatch repair, which is responsible for correcting errors that occur during DNA replication.

Individuals with CMMRD syndrome often present with a variety of symptoms and may develop multiple tumors at an early age. The syndrome is typically diagnosed through genetic testing or through a combination of clinical evaluation and testing for specific biomarkers.

The GARD website provides a comprehensive catalog of information about CMMRD syndrome, including information about its symptoms, causes, and available treatments. The website also offers additional resources for patients and their families, including support groups, advocacy organizations, and clinical trials through ClinicalTrials.gov.

In addition to GARD, there are other resources available for individuals seeking information about CMMRD syndrome. The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database provides detailed information about the genetic basis of the syndrome, including references to scientific articles and studies. PubMed, a database of medical literature, also contains many articles on CMMRD syndrome that can be used to learn more about the condition.

Overall, the Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center is a valuable resource for individuals seeking information about CMMRD syndrome and other rare genetic disorders. It offers a range of resources to help individuals and their families understand and manage these conditions, including information on diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing research.

Patient Support and Advocacy Resources

Patients and their families dealing with Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome (CMMR-D) can find valuable support, information, and resources from various organizations and websites. These resources aim to help patients understand their condition, learn about available treatment options, and connect with others who are going through similar experiences.

Support and Information Websites

  • Genetic Health UK – Provides information on various genetic conditions, including CMMR-D.
  • Neurofibromatosis Network – Offers support and resources for patients with neurofibromatosis, which shares some similarities with CMMR-D.
  • NFEDS – The National Foundation for Ectodermal Dysplasias provides support and resources for patients with ectodermal dysplasias, including CMMR-D.

Learn About CMMR-D

  • OMIM – Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man offers a comprehensive catalog of information on various genetic diseases, including CMMR-D.
  • National Cancer Institute – Provides information on different types of cancer and their causes, including those associated with CMMR-D.
  • ClinicalTrials.gov – Lists ongoing clinical trials related to CMMR-D research and treatment.

Genetic Testing and Research

  • PubMed – Offers access to various scientific articles and studies related to CMMR-D and other genetic disorders.
  • GeneTests – Provides information on genetic testing centers and laboratories that offer testing for CMMR-D and other genetic conditions.

Patient Advocacy Organizations

These resources can provide patients and their families with additional scientific and clinical information on CMMR-D, help in finding support and advocacy groups, and assist in locating testing centers and ongoing research studies. It’s important for patients to remember that CMMR-D is a rare condition, and support networks can play a crucial role in navigating the challenges that come with it.

Research Studies from ClinicalTrialsgov

Research studies from ClinicalTrialsgov provide support and resources for the study of Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome (CMMRD) and its associated conditions.

This rare genetic condition is associated with certain types of cancer, neurofibromatosis, and other inherited diseases. Research studies aim to develop more effective testing methods and identify additional genes that may be involved in the development of CMMRD.

Articles and references on ClinicalTrialsgov generally include information about patient care, genetic inheritance, causes of CMMRD, and more. The center for Genetic Testing at the Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome Advocacy Foundation is a valuable resource for additional information on this condition.

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Studies present on ClinicalTrialsgov focus on the replication and repair of DNA, with a specific emphasis on the genes involved in CMMRD. The catalog of studies includes testing on various types of cancer and diseases associated with CMMRD. These studies aim to provide more insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying CMMRD and develop better treatment options for affected individuals.

For more information about Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome and related research studies, please visit ClinicalTrialsgov, PubMed, or the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database.

References:

  1. CMMRD Advocacy Foundation. “Center for Genetic Testing.” Retrieved from https://cmmrdfoundation.org
  2. ClinicalTrialsgov. “Research studies on Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome.” Retrieved from https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
  3. PubMed. “Scientific articles on Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome.” Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed
  4. OMIM. “Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database.” Retrieved from https://www.omim.org

Catalog of Genes and Diseases from OMIM

The Catalog of Genes and Diseases from OMIM is a valuable resource for information on various genetic conditions, including Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome (CMMRD). This catalog provides comprehensive details about the genes involved, the diseases they cause, clinical presentations, and other relevant information.

CMMRD is a rare genetic condition that affects the mismatch repair genes responsible for fixing errors in DNA replication. Patients with CMMRD have a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer, including colorectal, brain, and hematological cancers.

The frequency of CMMRD in the population is not well-established, but it is generally considered to be a rare condition. The disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that both copies of the mismatch repair genes must be affected for the condition to be present.

Testing for CMMRD can be done through genetic testing, which examines the genes involved in mismatch repair. This testing can help identify individuals at risk for developing cancer and guide appropriate surveillance and management strategies.

The catalog includes scientific articles, clinical studies, and advocacy resources for more information on CMMRD. Additional resources may be found on PubMed and clinicaltrialsgov websites. These resources can help patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers learn more about the condition, available treatments, and ongoing research efforts.

The genes associated with CMMRD include MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, and EPCAM. Mutations in these genes can lead to a deficiency in mismatch repair, increasing the risk of cancer development. Replication errors may accumulate, resulting in the formation of cancerous growths.

Clinical presentations of CMMRD may include multiple colonic polyps, café-au-lait spots, brain tumors, and neurofibromatosis-like nodules. It is important for healthcare providers to be aware of these clinical features to facilitate early detection and appropriate care.

In conclusion, the Catalog of Genes and Diseases from OMIM provides valuable information about CMMRD and other rare genetic conditions. This resource allows researchers, healthcare providers, and patients to access information about the causes, inheritance patterns, and clinical presentations of these conditions. The catalog serves as a comprehensive reference for scientific studies, testing information, and advocacy support related to CMMRD and other similar diseases.

Scientific Articles on PubMed

The Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency syndrome is a rare genetic condition that affects patients. It is associated with an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. Generally, the frequency of this condition is very low, making it difficult to gather enough scientific data.

However, there are more and more scientific articles being published on PubMed, providing additional information about this syndrome and its associated diseases. These articles help healthcare professionals and researchers better understand the condition and develop better care and treatment plans for patients.

One example of such an article is “Mismatch repair deficiency in cancer – molecular mechanisms and clinical implications” published in the journal BMC Medical Genomics. This study explores the genetic causes of mismatch repair deficiency in cancer and the potential impacts on patient care.

In addition to scientific articles, there are also clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov that focus on Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency syndrome. These trials aim to gather more information about the condition and develop better treatment options.

Patients with this rare syndrome often develop cancerous nodules, and this condition has been associated with other rare genetic disorders such as neurofibromatosis. It is crucial for healthcare providers to stay updated on the latest research and studies to provide the best care possible.

For more information and support, patients and healthcare providers can refer to resources such as the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) catalog, which provides comprehensive information on genetic disorders. Additionally, advocacy groups and research centers focused on Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency syndrome can provide valuable support and resources.

In conclusion, scientific articles on PubMed, clinical trials, and resources like OMIM provide crucial information on Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency syndrome. They support healthcare providers in understanding the condition, developing better care plans, and improving patient outcomes.

References

Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMR-D) is a rare genetic condition that causes an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that both copies of a specific gene must be mutated for the condition to be present.

Research on CMMR-D is still ongoing, and scientific studies continue to support the understanding of the causes, inheritance patterns, and associated genes. Below are some references for more information:

  1. OMIM: The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) catalog provides information about the genetic basis of various diseases, including CMMR-D. (omim.org)

  2. PubMed: PubMed is a database of scientific articles and publications. Searching for “constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome” on PubMed will yield a wealth of additional scientific resources. (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)

  3. Genetic Testing: Genetic testing is available for CMMR-D. Contact a genetics center or talk to a healthcare provider to learn more about testing options. (genome.gov)

  4. NF Inc.: NF Inc. (formerly known as the NF Network) is an advocacy organization that provides support and resources for individuals and families affected by neurofibromatosis. They may have information on CMMR-D or be able to direct you to other sources of support. (nfinc.org)

  5. ClinicalTrials.gov: ClinicalTrials.gov is a database of clinical studies and trials. Searching for “constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome” on ClinicalTrials.gov can provide information about ongoing research and potential opportunities to participate in studies. (clinicaltrials.gov)

Remember that CMMR-D is a rare condition, and it may be challenging to find comprehensive information on specific aspects of the syndrome. Consulting with healthcare professionals and experts in the field can provide more tailored and up-to-date information.

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