How to Help Your Kid Kick the Thumb-Sucking Habit
If you’re struggling to help your kiddo quit their thumb-sucking habit (or wondering if the thumb sucking may be related to deeper issues with stress or anxiety), call your child’s doctor and make an appointment. They can evaluate your child’s mouth, talk to your child about their reasons for thumb sucking, and point you both toward the next step.
Why Some Continue to Suck Their Thumbs as Adults
Thumb sucking is a natural, reflexive behavior that helps infants soothe themselves and learn how to accept nourishment.
The majority of newborns demonstrate thumb, finger, or toe sucking behaviors within hours after birth. Many even sucked their thumbs in utero.
Thumb sucking is common among babies, toddlers, and young children. Many kids who suck their thumbs stop doing so without intervention once they reach school age.
Others respond to mild forms of intervention from their parents.
No specific data exists that indicates how often thumb sucking continues into the teen and adult years. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that there are many adults who suck their thumbs — perhaps as many as 1 in 10.
Students who make it into medical school pay a lot of money for the privilege of eventually becoming a doctor, with medical school students in the class of 2019 graduating with an average of $201,490 in student debt, according to the Association of American Medical Colleges as reported by Nerd Wallet. That’s an increase of 2.5% from 2018.
While most childhood thumb suckers stop on their own, a percentage seem to continue in private for decades. For some, thumb sucking may even be a lifelong habit.
The reasons for this aren’t completely understood. It could be this behavior provides comfort and reduces anxiety for those who do it.
While relatively benign, thumb sucking isn’t without side effects, particularly to dental health.
Adults who suck their thumbs may find that it reduces anxiety and stress, helping them to calm down.
It’s possible that some adults who suck their thumbs experienced trauma during childhood and turned to the behavior to calm themselves down during that time. In some instances, the behavior may simply stick, making for an easy-to-access stress reliever.
Thumb sucking may also become a habit that’s almost involuntary, used to relieve boredom in addition to stress.
There is anecdotal evidence indicating that some people with trichotillomania, a condition earmarked by an irresistible urge to pull out scalp, eyebrow, or body hair, also thumb suck.
Age regression is a condition in which a person displays behaviors more typical of people who are younger than them. Thumb sucking is sometimes associated with this condition.
Thumb sucking doesn’t have many adverse effects in children with baby teeth. However, once permanent teeth come in, thumb sucking may cause problems with tooth alignment.
In adults, problems with bite and oral health may worsen unless they are addressed, either by getting braces or by stopping the behavior.
The side effects of thumb sucking may be more pronounced if you suck your thumb vigorously or often.
Thumb sucking in adults can cause several other side effects:
Misaligned teeth (dental malocclusion)
Thumb sucking can create problems with the proper alignment of teeth, causing conditions such as an overbite to occur.
The upper and lower teeth may also begin to slant outward. This is known as an anterior open bite.
In some instances, the lower incisor teeth may begin to tip toward the tongue.
During vigorous thumb sucking, the cheek muscles flex. This may work to alter jaw shape and cause crossbite, another type of tooth misalignment. Changes to jaw shape can also affect facial appearance.
Changes to the roof of the mouth
Thumb sucking can cause the roof of the mouth to indent and become concave. The roof of the mouth may also become more sensitive to touch and sensation.
Oral infection
Without vigilant hand washing, thumb sucking may introduce dirt and bacteria into the mouth, potentially causing an infection in a tooth or in the gums.
Problems with the thumb
Vigorous or long-term thumb sucking can change the shape of the thumb, making it thinner or elongated.
It can also dry out the skin of the thumb, causing it to crack, bleed, or become infected.
Long-term thumb sucking can also cause callouses to form on the thumb.
Difficulties with speech
The dental problems caused by thumb sucking can result in speech problems, such as lisping.
How to Help Your Kid Kick the Thumb-Sucking Habit
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From the moment they first discover their fingers and toes (consciously or not), many babies have a fascination with sucking their thumbs. You may even have left an ultrasound appointment during pregnancy with a grainy photo of your little one happily self-soothing in the womb.
Sure, it was cute back then — but now your child is 3 or 4, and getting them to stop sucking their thumb seems about as easy as convincing them that the blue cup is just as good as the red one. In other words, it’s never gonna happen.
Meanwhile, well-meaning friends, family members, and even strangers at the grocery store are warning you that letting your child suck their thumb for too long can lead to a bunch of oral and dental problems. Great.
Relax, mom or dad. Your kid’s not gonna go off to college sucking their thumb. But it’s true that it may be a good idea to help your little one kick the habit at a certain point. And if you’ve decided now’s the time, here’s how to stop it — plus everything else you need to know about thumb sucking.
Although most kids stop thumb sucking on their own before they enter kindergarten, you know your child best — and if you feel they need a little extra intervention, there are plenty of strategies and products that may help.
These strategies work best for older children who want to stop.
Open up a dialogue
Some kids just don’t realize that sucking their thumb is a habit they should outgrow. Ask your child — in a curious rather than condemning way, of course — why they suck their thumb. Does it feel good? Do they even know they’re doing it? Is there something else they can do (like hugging a lovey or counting slowly to three) that will make them feel just as good?
Learn about thumb sucking together
If your child gets most of their life advice from Daniel Tiger (or Peppa Pig, or Paw Patrol), you might want to tap that resource. Watch a TV show where a character has to break a habit, and then talk with your child about doing the same.
Apply bitter nail polish
Also a strategy used for aggressive nail biters, bad-tasting polish applied to the fingers can deter a thumb sucker.
But some experts don’t recommend this approach since it’s not the nicest way to break your child’s habit. But for kids who are motivated to stop and just need a quick reminder not to suck, one taste of this stuff can keep them on track. It’s also discreet and doesn’t interfere with movement.
Observe thumb-sucking patterns
If you notice your child only sucks their thumb before bedtime, they may just need another way to wind down and prepare for sleep. You may want to try offering a warm cup of milk or a toddler-safe herbal tea before nighttime teeth brushing.
If you notice they pop their thumb in their mouth every time they’re anxious, angry, or sad, help them look for another coping mechanism — like a mindfulness activity — to replace the thumb sucking.
Offer rewards and incentives
Reward systems can be tricky: They don’t work for all kids and, when they do, it can be hard to phase them out. Still, some kids are highly motivated by a visual representation of their progress (like stickers or small tokens), and the opportunity to earn prizes or privileges for every day they go without sucking their thumb.
Keep in mind that children — like all of us, really — can be pretty good at hiding a behavior they don’t want to give up.
Use a finger guard
There are many kits available online designed to physically prevent your child from sucking their thumb. Some are plastic, while others are more like flexible gloves.
On the plus side, these are chemical-free and mostly childproof so your child can’t remove them. The downsides are that they’re very noticeable and can make it hard for your child to use their hand for playing or feeding themselves.
Establish rules or boundaries
Telling your child they can suck their thumb only when they’re in bed or while watching TV is a good way to phase out the habit without turning it into a power struggle. Your child still gets to do it, but will hopefully need it less and less over time.
Try role playing
If your child has a favorite stuffed animal or toy, use it to your advantage! Pretend that Teddy wants to stop sucking his thumb. Ask your child if they can help Teddy by setting a good example and offering suggestions.
Use visual reminders
A child who’s motivated to stop sucking their thumb but keeps forgetting may benefit from a visual reminder. Try tying a bow or elastic band around their thumb (not too tight!) or putting a temporary tattoo on the back of their hand so they remember to stop before they even start.
Use a hand stopper
This flexible brace attaches to your child’s elbow and prevents flexing, so they can’t bend their arm enough to bring their hand to their mouth. If your child’s habit is severe, this may be the only tool that helps — but it may also limit their movement so much they’ll feel frustrated.
Bring them to the dentist
Your child may need a nudge from someone other than you (don’t take it personally) in order to kick the thumb-sucking habit for good. Make a dentist appointment and ask the pro to talk with your little one about taking good care of their mouth and teeth.
Most pediatric dental offices have lots of colorful, kid-friendly educational resources — and, at the very least, they may be able to put your mind at ease as to whether the habit is interfering with your child’s oral development.
Did you know?
Did you know that thumb sucking in the womb may be an early sign of future handedness? It’s true!
In a 2005 study, researchers followed 75 children who were seen sucking their thumbs in the womb. They found that all of the babies who had sucked their right thumbs were now right-handed (at the ages of 10 to 12). Two-thirds of the babies who had sucked their left thumbs were left-handed.
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Clearly, there may be something instinctual in a baby’s desire to prefer one thumb over the other — but why do babies suck their thumbs at all?
According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, all babies are born with an intense need to suck. And that’s a good thing, because sucking is how babies eat from the breast or a bottle.
Babies also find the sucking sensation soothing and many continue to do it outside of feeding sessions. While some babies and toddlers prefer using pacifiers to satisfy their sucking needs, other babies find their thumbs or fingers to be the best — and most available! — tool for self-soothing.
Most parents who have concerns about thumb sucking are worried it will cause long-term damage to their child’s teeth, mouth, or jaw. Especially considering the cost of orthodontic treatments, these fears are completely understandable!
Thankfully, the American Dental Association (ADA) asserts that most children will stop thumb sucking on their own between the ages of 2 and 4. And even after age 4, doctors don’t recommend parents aggressively try to stop the behavior because putting too much pressure on your child can have the opposite effect.
Here’s more good news: If your child only sucks their thumb infrequently — like at bedtime — or keeps their thumb passively in their mouth as opposed to strongly sucking, there isn’t much risk of long-term side effects.
It may even benefit their immune system: A 2016 study suggests that kids who suck their thumbs receive so much exposure to common household microbes that it may reduce their risk of allergies and asthma. (This isn’t a green light for your kiddo to lick the table at your local fast-food joint, but it’s still reassuring.)
On the other hand, if your child is a vigorous or consistent thumb-sucker, you may want to make a plan for phasing out the behavior. The ADA says kids who suck their thumbs beyond the age of 6 or so (when the permanent teeth come in) can disrupt the growth of their mouth and the alignment of their teeth.
The authors of one case report suggest that breaking the habit can stop or reverse many of the problems associated with thumb sucking, though some kids will still require orthodontic correction even after the habit is broken.
Is it the end of the world if your child is still sucking their thumb when they’re 4 years old? No — but it can still be stressful for you as a parent, especially if the behavior continues after your child has entered kindergarten.
If you’re struggling to help your kiddo quit their thumb-sucking habit (or wondering if the thumb sucking may be related to deeper issues with stress or anxiety), call your child’s doctor and make an appointment. They can evaluate your child’s mouth, talk to your child about their reasons for thumb sucking, and point you both toward the next step.
Last medically reviewed on January 8, 2020
How we reviewed this article:
Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.
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